Improving Water Supply Capacity of Drainage Systems at Humid Areas in the Changing Climate

Abstract

The paper focuses on research on improving the water supply of drainage systems of humid areas in the context of climate change. The aim of the research is to elaborate on the ways for increasing the available water supply of drainage systems and restoring active water regulation on reclaimed lands in a changing climate. The paper presents the results of the research on improving the available water supply of drainage systems in the humid zone of Ukraine in a changing climate. It was specified in the face of increasing water scarcity providing the optimal water regime regulation on drained lands is possible due to the increase in the available water supply of drainage systems. It can be achieved thanks to the accumulating capacity of reclaimed areas, namely usage of free soil capacity of the aeration zone and open canals, accumulation of water reserve volumes in storage tanks due to the accumulation of surface and drainage runoff. Taking into account the design features of different types of drainage systems, existing water management technologies, characteristics of water sources and their close proximity to the drainage systems, the technological schemes of water intake from rivers and reservoirs, and its supply to the drained areas for irrigation needs were developed. In a face of increasing water scarcity, it is also expedient to apply resource-saving technologies to control the available water supply for crops.

Water Supply of the Ukrainian Polesie Ecoregion Drained Areas in Modern Anthropogenic Climate Changes

“…With insignificant changes in annual amounts of precipitation, there was a redistribution of their seasonal and monthly values, which is manifested in a decrease in the amount of precipitation in winter and summer and an increase in spring and autumn (Kuzmych et al 2021, Shang 2014, Su et al 2019.…”

“…The relief of the territory of DS "Maryanivka" is slightly undulating with a smooth slope from southeast to northwest. Variegated soils, agrochemical, and physical properties are combined into 4 soil groups (Kuzmych et al 2021): 1) Sod podzolic soils -common on elevations. Drainage is not required due to the light mechanical composition and deep groundwater; 2) Turf gley soils -common in areas of the slightly elevated surface; 3) Turf gley carbonate soils -common on the flat surface of the plain with a developed microrelief; 4) Humus-turf and silty-swamp soils -distributed on a small area in closed depressions with the close occurrence of groundwater.…”

“…Drainage systems of Ukraine are located mainly in the Polesie Ecoregion on a total area of up to 3.2 million hectares, and include 1671 reclamation systems, comprising 835 drainage systems of unilateral action on an area of 1.6 million hectares (50%), 585 drainage systems of two-way action on the area of 1.1 million ha (34%), and 251 polder and water circulation systems on the area of 0.51 million ha (15%) (Korobiichuk et al 2017, Korobiichuk et al 2019, Kuzmych et al 2021, Rokochinskiy et al 2020.…”

“…The current state of the drainage infrastructure was formed in accordance with the specific stages of its development, and the main factors that determine and influence the functioning of drainage systems and the efficiency of the use of drained lands at the current stage are the water supply of drainage systems, transformational changes in the agricultural sector, and the technical state of the engineering infrastructure (Alfonso et al 2010, Basharin et al 2016, Dolid 1990, Kuzmych et al 2021, Romashchenko et al 2019, Schultz 2008, Van Overloop 2006.…”

(Digital Presentation) Internal Friction, Mechanical Spectroscopy in SiO2/Si Wafers

“…Because Si is the main semiconductor substrate material in various microelectronic products, it is necessary to study the dynamics of the defects in the crystal structure of Si during irradiation. Among the methods for studying structural defects in these crystals, the structure-sensitive IF method is promising, making it possible to study dislocation dynamics (2). A structurally sensitive mechanical relaxation IF method was used to study the presence and dynamics of the structural defects (3,4).…”