Improving Water Supply Systems for Domestic Uses in Urban Togo: The Case of a Suburb in Lomé

Ahiablame, Laurent; Engel, Bernard A.; Venort, Taisha

doi:10.3390/w4010123

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Several studies have explored the implementation of RWH systems in response to growing water demand in Africa [7,23,24], Asia [25][26][27], USA. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and Australia [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reliability Analysis of a Rainfall Harvesting System in Southern Italy

Liuzzo

Notaro

Freni

2016

Water

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Abstract:Rainwater harvesting (RWH) may be an effective alternative water supply solution in regions affected by water scarcity. It has recently become a particularly important option in arid and semi-arid areas (like Mediterranean basins), mostly because of its many benefits and affordable costs. This study provides an analysis of the reliability of using a rainwater harvesting system to supply water for toilet flushing and garden irrigation purposes, with reference to a single-family home in a residential area of Sicily (Southern Italy). A flushing water demand pattern was evaluated using water consumption data collected from a sample of residential customers during an extended measurement campaign. A daily water balance simulation of the rainwater storage tank was performed, and the yield-after-spillage algorithm was used to define the tank release rule. The model's performance was evaluated using rainfall data from more than 100 different sites located throughout the Sicilian territory. This regional analysis provided annual reliability curves for the system as a function of mean annual precipitation, which have practical applications in this area of study. The uncertainty related to the regional model predictions was also assessed. A cost-benefit analysis highlighted that the implementation of a rainwater harvesting system in Sicily can provide environmental and economic advantages over traditional water supply methods. In particular, the regional analysis identified areas where the application of this system would be most effective.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reliability Analysis of a Rainfall Harvesting System in Southern Italy

Liuzzo

Notaro

Freni

2016

Water

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“…The literature reports work in Togo, a sub-Saharan country on the west coast of Africa, where a survey was conducted to characterize the existing water supply systems, which consisted of bucket-drawn water wells, miniature water tower systems, rainwater harvesting, and public piped water. Based on the survey, Ahiablame et al (76) found that the participants preferred a large-scale community water tower to meet their water demands and were also ready to maintain it. The authors recommend this model as the best community water distribution system and further assert the need for research along the same lines to predict models in similar communities of the developing world (76).…”

Section: Comparative Studies On Water Disinfection Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the survey, Ahiablame et al (76) found that the participants preferred a large-scale community water tower to meet their water demands and were also ready to maintain it. The authors recommend this model as the best community water distribution system and further assert the need for research along the same lines to predict models in similar communities of the developing world (76). A huge amount of energy is often required for water treatment and supply globally, and this can be a major hurdle when a water treatment strategy is planned for rural populations, especially in developing countries.…”

Section: Comparative Studies On Water Disinfection Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clean Water for Developing Countries

Pandit

Kumar

2015

Annu. Rev. Chem. Biomol. Eng.

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Availability of safe drinking water, a vital natural resource, is still a distant dream to many around the world, especially in developing countries. Increasing human activity and industrialization have led to a wide range of physical, chemical, and biological pollutants entering water bodies and affecting human lives. Efforts to develop efficient, economical, and technologically sound methods to produce clean water for developing countries have increased worldwide. We focus on solar disinfection, filtration, hybrid filtration methods, treatment of harvested rainwater, herbal water disinfection, and arsenic removal technologies. Simple, yet innovative water treatment devices ranging from use of plant xylem as filters, terafilters, and hand pumps to tippy taps designed indigenously are methods mentioned here. By describing the technical aspects of major water disinfection methods relevant for developing countries on medium to small scales and emphasizing their merits, demerits, economics, and scalability, we highlight the current scenario and pave the way for further research and development and scaling up of these processes. This review focuses on clean drinking water, especially for rural populations in developing countries. It describes various water disinfection techniques that are not only economically viable and energy efficient but also employ simple methodologies that are effective in reducing the physical, chemical, and biological pollutants found in drinking water to acceptable limits.

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“…Problems like a water shortage, water pollution, and environmental deterioration in Togo may get worse and become a major impediment to the country's socio-economic development. Nevertheless, existing studies have only looked at the potential impacts of climate change on ground water with a focus on administrative boundaries [17] and urban water supply [18]. Very few studies have meticulously assessed water security at the hydrological basin level.…”

Section: Background Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Water Security in the Challenging Environment in Togo, West Africa

Yomo

Mourad

Gnazou

2019

Water

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Water shortages across the globe have increased due to climate change among other factors with negative impacts expected at the river basin level. Anticipating these impacts will help experts act in a timely manner to avoid a future water crisis. As part of addressing the future water shortage impacts on the Togolese community, this paper assessed water security in the context of the global environmental change in the Oti River Basin taking Oti Nord sub-basin (ONSB) as a case study. Key informants' interviews were done with staff from governmental institutions, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), community-based organizations, and private operators. The Improved Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model (IFCEM) was used for assessing water security (WS). A basin level WS evaluation system including five subcomponents (external environment security, water resources security, water-society security, water economic security, and water-environment security) and 23 indicators related to climate, socio-economy, water availability, and consumption were constructed. The results showed that the water level is very insecure in the sub-basin for the assessed years (2010, 2015, and 2025) with the year 2025 being the worst (expected a decrease of water security by 20% and 1% in 2025 compared to the years 2015 and 2010, respectively). This insecurity is found to be the result of many factors including technical, institutional, juridical, environmental, socio-cultural, hydrogeological, and demographical factors. However, managerial factors such as institutional instability, the inadequacies in water and related sector evolution, and the absence of de-centralized water management structures, the non-operationalization of management organs/financial instruments, and culture (i.e., taboos and bylaws) are found to be key to the study area. The paper concluded that the operationalization of management organs/financial instruments may enable the application of adopted water policies and regulations, which may lead to a sound and coordinated management of the available water resources since this will enable the government's self-investment in clean water provision, data acquisition (potential water available and the estimation of economic driven potential water needs, which are key for any sound development), and a stimulated joined effort from the existing institutions. In addition, the establishment of a sound waste management system and awareness raising, and educative activities regarding water pollution will be of great benefit for this cause.

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Improving Water Supply Systems for Domestic Uses in Urban Togo: The Case of a Suburb in Lomé

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

A Reliability Analysis of a Rainfall Harvesting System in Southern Italy

A Reliability Analysis of a Rainfall Harvesting System in Southern Italy

Clean Water for Developing Countries

Examining Water Security in the Challenging Environment in Togo, West Africa

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