Improving Winter Wheat Photosynthesis, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Yield by Optimizing Nitrogen Fertilization

Kubar, Muhammad Saleem; Alshallash, Khalid S.; Asghar, Muhammad Ahsan; Feng, Meichen; Ali, Raza; Wang, Chao; Saleem, Khansa; Ullah, Abd; Yang, Wude; Kubar, Kashif Ali; Yang, Chenbo; Selim, Samy; Latef, Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel; Safhi, Fatmah Ahmed; ALshamrani, Salha M.

doi:10.3390/life12101478

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The HI shows a significant positive correlation with GY in our study [75]. Our results were consistent with those of Peng et al [76], Ayadi et al [77], Kubar et al [78], Boulelouah et al [79], and Wang et al [80]. Multiple research studies have shown that it is possible to achieve high GY and NUE by focusing on the distribution of biomass into the grains rather than solely increasing its concentrations [80].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Field Screening of Wheat Cultivars for Enhanced Growth, Yield, Yield Attributes, and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies

Gawdiya,

Kumar,

Shivay

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Optimizing nitrogen (N) inputs is crucial for maximizing wheat yield and ensuring environmental sustainability. Wheat’s economic significance in India calls for a comprehensive evaluation of its ecological implications to develop a resilient production system. This study aimed to identify and evaluate ten wheat cultivars for their yield and N-use efficiency under varying nitrogen inputs (control (N0), half of the recommended nitrogen (N75), and the recommended nitrogen (N150)) using the surface application of neem-oil-coated urea. All N inputs were applied in three splits, basal, crown root initiation, and tillering stages, and an experiment was conducted in a split-plot design. The application of N150 gave the highest dry matter accumulation (DMA) at harvesting stage (AHS) (871 g m−2), seed/spike (60), grain yield (GY = 7.4 t ha−1), straw yield (SY = 8.9 t ha−1), harvest index (HI = 45.2%), protein (12.5%), and total uptake of N (TUN) (223 kg ha−1) by the cultivar ‘HD 3249’, being closely followed by the cultivar ‘HD3117’. Six cultivars (‘HD 3298’, ‘HD 3117’, ‘HD 3249’, ‘PBW 550’, ‘HD 3086’, ‘HD 2967’) out of the ten cultivars evaluated responded well to different input treatments with respect to the grain yield efficiency index (GYEI ≥ 1). Regarding N input, N75 and N150 recorded the highest increases in plant height, AHS (16.5%; 21.2%), dry matter accumulation (DMA) at 30 days after sowing (DAS) (37.5%; 64%), DMA-60 DAS (42%; 53%), DMA-90 DAS (39.5%; 52.5%), TILL-30 DAS (19.8%; 26.4%), TILL-60 DAS (33.3%; 44%), TILL-90 DAS (37.2%; 47.2%), seed/spike (8%; 10%), 1000-grain weight (7.8%; 12.2%), and protein content (23.3%; and 33%) when compared with N0. Furthermore, the application of N75 and N150 improved GY (72.1%; 142.6%), SY (61.1%; 110.6%), BY (65.5%; 123%), and HI by 4.4% and 9%, respectively, over N0. Nitrogen addition (N75 and N150) also significantly increased total nitrogen uptake (104.7%; 205.6%), respectively, compared to N0. The correlation analysis revealed a positive association among most of the crop parameters. Overall, our research results suggest that the cultivars ‘HD 3249’ and ‘HD 3117’ have the potential to be effective options for improving N utilization efficiency, grain yield, and GYEI in North-West India.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Field Screening of Wheat Cultivars for Enhanced Growth, Yield, Yield Attributes, and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies

Gawdiya,

Kumar,

Shivay

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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“…The N levels from 75 to 150 kg N ha −1 reliably boost yields, harvest index, and N absorption. Some genotypes performed well at all N rates; Kubar et al [27] found similar findings.…”

Section: Effects Of N Fertilization On Wheat Yields Harvest Index And...mentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The two genotypes ('HD 3249' and 'HD 3117') with the greatest straw yield had N150 splits, which increased photosynthesis and dry matter output. The top dressing of wheat genotypes with the right dosage and timing of N may boost yields and HI [27][28][29][30]. The huge production discrepancies between the three N levels show that crop yields may be increased, particularly in plots with low N fertilization.…”

Section: Effects Of N Fertilization On Wheat Yields Harvest Index And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-Driven Genotypic Diversity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes

Gawdiya,

Kumar,

Shivay

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Imbalanced use (form, quantity, and ratio) of nitrogen fertilization can result in decreased grain yields and increased nitrogen loss, leading to adverse effects on overall environmental quality. Globally, limited empirical research has been conducted on the comprehensive effects of different levels of N that can significantly influence wheat agronomic and genotypic traits. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate wheat genotypes for two consecutive years (2020–2021 and 2021–2022) under different N fertilization treatments: N0 (native N, without external application of N), N75 (½ of the recommended dose of N), and N150 (recommended dose of N). The study findings revealed that ‘HD 3249’ and ‘HD 3117’ were the top-performing genotypes in terms of grain yield (5.3 t ha−1; 5.0 t ha−1), straw yield (6.9 t ha−1; 6.7 t ha−1), biological yield (12.2 t ha−1; 11.8 t ha−1), and harvest index (42.9%; 42.4%). In particular, the application of N75 and N150 increased grain yields by 142.6% and 61.3%, respectively; straw yields by 72.3%; and by 110.6% over N0. Furthermore, N levels (N75 and 150) significantly increased the higher concentration of N in grain (23.1% and 33%) and straw (21.1% and 29.8%); N uptake in grain (70.2 and 104.2) and straw (64.8 and 41.5); and total N uptake (68.8% and 101.4%) than N0, respectively. Additionally, correlation analysis revealed that there were positive correlations between yields, harvest index as well as N concentration and uptake. This study identified the two elite genotypes, ‘HD 3249’ and ‘HD 3117’, with N150 splits giving a better response, which can be used as selection criteria for developing wheat varieties that are more efficient in using nitrogen, leading to high yields and N uptake.

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“…Biochar moreover has an effect on crop nutrient absorption, improving plants' capacity to use available nutrients. Several studies have demonstrated that using biomass charcoal enhances soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium absorption in wheat (Van et al, 2010), maize (Liu et al, 2009Kubar et al, 2022), and radish (Chan et al, 2007) within a limited range. An increasing amount of data indicates that biochar has an effect on plant development and yield Gu et al, 2018;Taghizadeh-Toosi et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Effects of Banana-Derived Biochar and Straw Residues on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Crop

Ahmed,

Kubar,

Qambar Baloch

et al. 2024

JOARPS

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Biochar application with straw residues can enhance their rate and increase the availability of nutrients for maize crop under field conditions. Therefore, this present study was primarily aimed at exploring the combined effect of banana derived biochar and straw residues application on the biomass production and the yield components of maize crop. The experimental study was consisting of six treatments: T-1 control, T-2 Biochar (40 ha-1), T-3 12.5 tons ha-1 straw residues, T-4 25 tons ha-1 straw residues, T-5 40 tons ha-1 biochar + 25 tons ha-1 straw residues, T-6 40 tons ha-1 biochar + 12.5 tons ha-1 straw residues. Results displayed that combine application of Biochar (40 tons ha-1) and straw residues (25 tons ha-1) enhanced the shoot fresh biomass (208%), Root fresh biomass (85%), Root length (85%), Number of grains per cob (262%), Seed index (68%), cob length (79%), grain yield (120%) and leaf area (80 %) as compared to control. While, 40 tons ha-1 biochar + 12.5 tons ha-1 straw residues increased shoot fresh biomass (197%), root fresh biomass (57%), root length (41%), number of grains per cob (220%), seed index (37%), cob length (69%), grains yield (103%) and leaf area (64%) in comparison to control. Most of the growth parameters were positively correlated with yield components. Similarly, correlation coefficient indicated significant association among different morphological characteristics when subjected to these combined applications of biochar and straw residues. Hence, this study concluded that combine application of banana biochar and straw residues promoted the grain growth and yield of the maize crop under field condition.

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Improving Winter Wheat Photosynthesis, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Yield by Optimizing Nitrogen Fertilization

Cited by 19 publications

References 68 publications

Field Screening of Wheat Cultivars for Enhanced Growth, Yield, Yield Attributes, and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies

Field Screening of Wheat Cultivars for Enhanced Growth, Yield, Yield Attributes, and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies

Nitrogen-Driven Genotypic Diversity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes

Investigating the Effects of Banana-Derived Biochar and Straw Residues on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Crop

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