Impulsivity in unaffected adolescent biological relatives of schizophrenia patients

Ho, Beng-Choon; Barry, Amy B.; Koeppel, Julie A.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.11.008

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…This is interesting because lack of perseverance has also been associated with several domains of psychopathology including depression, borderline personality traits, disordered eating, alcohol and substance use 51 . While lack of perseverance has been associated with an increased vulnerability for the development of schizophrenia 52 , other research indicates no association between lack of perseverance and a diagnosis of schizophrenia 53 . The current study does not provide evidence as to the relationship between lack of perseverance and DSM diagnoses such as major depressive disorder or schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transdiagnostic structure of mental effort avoidance

Patzelt

Kool

Millner

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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The law of least mental effort states that, everything else being equal, the brain tries to minimize mental effort expenditure during task performance by avoiding decisions that require greater cognitive demands. Prior studies have shown associations between disruptions in effort expenditure and specific psychiatric illnesses (e.g., schizophrenia and depression) or clinically-related symptoms and traits (e.g., anhedonia and apathy), yet no research has explored this issue transdiagnostically. Specifically, this research has largely focused on a single diagnostic category, symptom, or trait. However, abnormalities in effort expression could be related to several different psychiatrically-relevant constructs that cut across diagnostic boundaries. Therefore, we examined the relationship between avoidance of mental effort and a diverse set of clinically-related symptoms and traits, and transdiagnostic latent factors in a large sample (n = 811). Only lack of perseverance, a dimension of impulsiveness, was associated with increased avoidance of mental effort. In contrast, several constructs were associated with less mental effort avoidance, including positive urgency, distress intolerance, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, disordered eating, and a factor consisting of compulsive behavior and intrusive thoughts. These findings demonstrate that deviations from normative effort expenditure are associated with a number of constructs that are common to several forms of psychiatric illness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transdiagnostic structure of mental effort avoidance

Patzelt

Kool

Millner

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…When interaction effects were significant, the simple main effects test was conducted with Bonferroni corrections. Since impulsivity has been shown to be related to delay discounting (Ainslie, 1975;Hoe et al, 2018), scores on the BIS and the BDI were further entered into the MANOVA and the ANOVA as a covariate for further analysis independently. The k all values were calculated in MATLAB R2017b (MathWorks Inc.; https://www.mathworks.com).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results from Li et al (2016b) and the present study both suggest that negative schizotypy may be strongly associated with alterations in anticipatory reward processing. However, previous studies investigating delay discounting in patients with schizophrenia and their relatives have produced mixed results, with smoking status reported as a confounding factor (Heerey et al, 2011;Hoe et al, 2018;Yu et al, 2017;MacKillop and Tidey, 2011). In our study, we have carefully matched the smoking status between the two groups of participants to address this issue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay discounting and affective priming in individuals with negative schizotypy

Cai

Weigl

Liu

et al. 2019

Schizophrenia Research

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Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with schizophrenia and individuals with schizotypy experience decreased anticipatory pleasure. However, it is unclear whether this decrease is contributed by altered reward processing at the proximal or distal future. In order to investigate the preference for receiving rewards in the proximal or distal future for individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, individuals with either high or low levels of negative schizotypy performed a delay discounting task under positive, neutral and negative affective priming conditions. Compared with individuals with low levels of negative schizotypy, individuals with high levels of schizotypy exhibited increased delay discounting, preferring to choose immediate but smaller rewards instead of delayed but larger rewards across all three affective priming conditions. Negative affective priming elevated discounting for both groups compared with both the positive and neutral affective conditions. After dividing delayed temporal distance into the proximal and distal future, the results showed that individuals with high levels of negative schizotypy exhibited more preference for immediate but smaller rewards in the distal instead of proximal future compared with controls. Our results suggest that individuals with high levels of negative schizotypy have altered anticipatory reward processing, which is mainly attributed to alterations in representing rewards in the distal future. These findings extend the alterations in representing reward values from schizophrenia patients to schizotypal individuals, and suggest that diminished anticipatory pleasure in schizophrenia spectrum disorders may be due to changes in processing anticipatory rewards in the distal future.

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“…As mentioned previously, a proactive coping style is often associated with impairments in attention and cognitive flexibility, as well as heightened impulsivity (for a review see Coppens et al, 2010). These traits have in turn been associated with schizophrenia in patients (Brown et al, 2018; Ho et al, 2018). Thus, using both psychometric impulsivity scales and the delay discounting task (a measure of action planning and impulse control in which higher rates of reward discounting, due to the preference of smaller and immediate rewards over delayed and larger ones, reflect enhanced impulsivity), it has been shown that impulsivity measures are positively associated in a consistent manner with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia risk in unaffected biological relatives of patients (Ahn et al, 2011; Brown et al, 2018; Ho et al, 2018).…”

Section: Rha Rats As a Model Of Deficits In Attentional Processes Comentioning

confidence: 99%

A Genetic Model of Impulsivity, Vulnerability to Drug Abuse and Schizophrenia-Relevant Symptoms With Translational Potential: The Roman High- vs. Low-Avoidance Rats

Giorgi

Corda

Fernandez-Teruel

2019

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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The bidirectional selective breeding of Roman high- (RHA) and low-avoidance (RLA) rats for respectively rapid vs. poor acquisition of active avoidant behavior has generated two lines/strains that differ markedly in terms of emotional reactivity, with RHA rats being less fearful than their RLA counterparts. Many other behavioral traits have been segregated along the selection procedure; thus, compared with their RLA counterparts, RHA rats behave as proactive copers in the face of aversive conditions, display a robust sensation/novelty seeking (SNS) profile, and show high impulsivity and an innate preference for natural and drug rewards. Impulsivity is a multifaceted behavioral trait and is generally defined as a tendency to express actions that are poorly conceived, premature, highly risky or inappropriate to the situation, that frequently lead to unpleasant consequences. High levels of impulsivity are associated with several neuropsychiatric conditions including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, and drug addiction. Herein, we review the behavioral and neurochemical differences between RHA and RLA rats and survey evidence that RHA rats represent a valid genetic model, with face, construct, and predictive validity, to investigate the neural underpinnings of behavioral disinhibition, novelty seeking, impulsivity, vulnerability to drug addiction as well as deficits in attentional processes, cognitive impairments and other schizophrenia-relevant traits.

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Impulsivity in unaffected adolescent biological relatives of schizophrenia patients

Abstract: Impulsivity is associated with schizophrenia risk, and its severity increases with greater familial relatedness to the schizophrenia proband. Additional studies are needed to understand the role impulsivity may play in mediating schizophrenia susceptibility during adolescence.

Cited by 20 publications

References 89 publications

The transdiagnostic structure of mental effort avoidance

The transdiagnostic structure of mental effort avoidance

Delay discounting and affective priming in individuals with negative schizotypy

A Genetic Model of Impulsivity, Vulnerability to Drug Abuse and Schizophrenia-Relevant Symptoms With Translational Potential: The Roman High- vs. Low-Avoidance Rats

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