In silico and In vitro cytotoxic effect of prodigiosin-conjugated silver nanoparticles on liver cancer cells (HepG2)

Abstract

This study demonstrates a novel approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against human liver cancer cell line (HepG2) using prodigiosin pigment isolated from Serratia marcescens. It further investigates the influence of various parameters such as initial pH, temperature, silver nitrate (AgNO 3) concentration, and prodigiosin concentration on stability and optical properties of synthesized prodigiosin AgNPs. Highly stable, spherical prodigiosin-conjugated AgNPs were synthesized with a mean diameter of 9.98 nm using a rapid one-step method. The cytotoxic activity investigated in the present study indicated that prodigiosin and prodigiosin-conjugated AgNPs possessed a strong cytotoxic potency against human liver cancer. The in silico molecular docking results of prodigiosin and prodigiosin-conjugated AgNPs are congruent with the in vitro studies and these AgNPs can be considered as good inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MEK kinases). The study opened the possibility of using prodigiosin-conjugated AgNPs to increase the efficiency of liver cancer treatment.

Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Prodigiosin Pigment and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities

“…The results clearly show that the prodigiosin concentration of 12.5 μg / ml was ideal for AgNPs synthesis at 425 nm wavelength, as shown in Figure -7. The results The results of the current study are in accordance with the findings of El-Batal et al [38].…”

“…The results are in agreement with that mention by Li et al [30]. Also, approximately similar results were obtained in the study conducted by El-Batal et al [31]. Due to the increase in reaction temperature from 20 ° C to 70 ° C, they showed a red shift of the SPR band.…”

“…The same results were observed by Vanaja et al, [36], who found that the concentration of AgNO 3 of 1 mM was typical for the maximum reducing reaction to form AgNPs. El-Batal et al [37] also observed a red shift in the SPR due to the gradual increase in AgNO 3 concentration (from 1 to 10 mM), using prodigiosin as a capping agent. TEM images show spherical nanoparticles at a concentration of 1mM AgNO3, with a mean diameter of 14.11 nm.…”

Utilization of Cassava Wastewater for Low-Cost Production of Prodigiosin via Serratia marcescens TNU01 Fermentation and Its Novel Potent α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effect

“…Due to its vast array of potential biological effects, the studies on PG have received much attention and have quickly increased in number in recent years [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Virtual studies on the evaluation and elucidation of the bioactivities of PG were reported earlier [ 26 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. However, the enzyme inhibition for anti-diabetes activity is reported for the first time in this study, and the interactions and binding of PG with α-glucosidase are, for the first time, presented in the current work.…”

Utilization of Crab Waste for Cost-Effective Bioproduction of Prodigiosin

“…Recently, the study of PG has been renewed and increased due to its beneficial effects, especially its high anticancer activity [ 11 , 13 ] and lack of toxicity to normal cells [ 11 ]. To enhance the anticancer effect, PG was combined with other agents [ 14 ], formed nanoparticle sizes [ 15 ], and synthesized its derivatives [ 16 ]. Thus, the large-scale production of PG for further clinical studies has been considerable.…”