In situ 2-D piezoelectric wafer active sensors arrays for guided wave damage detection

Yu, Lingyu; Giurgiutiu, Victor

doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2007.10.008

Cited by 274 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…When the target is close to the sensor, however, the error is large because the assumption in simplified beamforming algorithms is not valid anymore. To solve this problem, a 2D sensor array was developed [18]. It can detect damage both in the near field and far field and achieve full 360 • range detection as well.…”

Section: Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Effectiveness of Structural Health Monitoring in Fuselage Maintenance of the Civil Aviation Industry †

Dong

Kim

2018

Aerospace

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Abstract:Although structural health monitoring (SHM) technologies using sensors have dramatically been developed recently, their capability should be evaluated from the perspective of the maintenance industry. As a first step toward utilizing sensors, the objective of the paper is to investigate the possibility of using sensors for inspecting the entire fuselage during C-check. First, we reviewed various sensors for their detection range, detectable damage size, and installed weight, which revealed that the piezoelectric wafer active sensor (PWAS) is the most promising sensor for aircraft SHM. Second, we performed a case study of inspecting the fuselage of Boeing-737NG using PWAS. To maintain the same detecting capability of manual inspection in C-check, we estimated the total number of sensors required. It turned out that utilizing sensors can reduce the maintenance downtime and thus, maintenance cost. However, even with a very conservative estimate, the lifetime cost was significantly increased due to the weight of sensor systems. The cost due to the weight increase was an order of magnitude higher than the cost saved by using SHM. We found that a large number of sensors were required to detect damage at unknown locations, which was the main cause of the weight increase. We concluded that to make SHM cost-effective, it would be necessary either to improve the current sensor technologies so that a less number of sensors are used or to modify the aircraft design concept for SHM.

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Section: Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Effectiveness of Structural Health Monitoring in Fuselage Maintenance of the Civil Aviation Industry †

Dong

Kim

2018

Aerospace

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“…The phased array approach enables steering of the array output in any desired direction through phase/time delays, and can be used to perform a sweep inspection of an entire structure in a way analogous to radar [25]. Additional advantages include: reinforced wave energy in the beam, efficient and flexible control of the beam direction, improved signal-to-noise-ratio, and large area inspection through a small sensing area [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With these features, the guided wave phased array method has shown its efficiency and effectiveness for damage detection in large metallic and composite panels . Yu and Giurgiutiu studied two-dimensional (2-D) phased array design and implementation for damage detection in aluminum plates [25]. Wilcox developed omni-directional guided wave phased arrays for the rapid inspection of large areas of aluminum plates [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-site delamination detection and quantification in composites through guided wave based global-local sensing

Tian¹,

Leckey²,

Yu³

2017

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. This paper presents a guided wave based global-local sensing method for rapid detection and quantification of multi-site delamination damage in large composite panels. The global-local approach uses a hybrid system consisting of a piezoelectric transducer (PZT) for generating guided waves and a non-contact scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (SLDV) for acquiring guided wave data. The global-local method is performed in two steps. First, a phased array configured of a small number of SLDV scan points (for example 10×10 points in a rectangular grid array) performs inspection over the entire plate to detect and locate damage. Local areas are identified as potential damage regions for the second step. Then high density wavefield measurements are taken over the identified areas and wavefield analysis is performed to quantitatively evaluate the damage. For the proof of concept in case with multi-site damage, the global-local approach is demonstrated on a carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite plate with two sites of impact-induced delamination damage. In the first step, the locations of two delamination sites are detected by the phased array method. In the second step, the delamination size and shape are evaluated using wavefield analysis. The detected delamination location, size and shape agree well with those of ultrasonic C-scan and the method led to a 93% reduction in inspection time compared to a full SLDV dense grid scan.

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“…The possibility to send ultrasonic energy in a preferential direction can also help counteracting the highly directional character of certain material systems, such as orthotropic layered composites [1] where the direction of energy propagation can be largely different from the initial direction of the emitted wave. In recent years, phased array [2] (PA) technology has emerged as one of the most promising approaches to the generation of directional and focused ultrasonic excitation. PA exploits a network of transducers that emit mostly omnidirectional waves with prescribed phase differences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the performance of structure-embedded acoustic lenses via gradient-index local inhomogeneities

Zhu

Semperlotti

2015

International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials

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We investigate the use of graded inhomogeneities in order to enhance the focusing and collimation performance of structure-embedded acoustic metamaterial lenses. The type of inhomogeneity exploited in this study consists in axial symmetric exponential-like gradients of either material or geometric properties that create gradient-index inclusions able to bend and redirect propagating waves. In particular, we exploit the concept of gradient index inclusions to achieve focusing and collimation of ultrasonic beams created by embedded drop-channel lenses in both bulk and thin-walled structures. In the latter, the implementation is possible thanks to geometric exponential tapers known as Acoustic Black Holes (ABH). ABH tapers allow accurate control of the characteristics of the acoustic beam emanating from the lens channel which in the conventional design is severely affected by diffraction. The concept of beam control via graded inclusions is numerically illustrated and validated by using a combination of methodologies including geometric acoustics, finite difference time domain, and finite element methods.

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In situ 2-D piezoelectric wafer active sensors arrays for guided wave damage detection

Cited by 274 publications

References 28 publications

Cost-Effectiveness of Structural Health Monitoring in Fuselage Maintenance of the Civil Aviation Industry †

Cost-Effectiveness of Structural Health Monitoring in Fuselage Maintenance of the Civil Aviation Industry †

Multi-site delamination detection and quantification in composites through guided wave based global-local sensing

Improving the performance of structure-embedded acoustic lenses via gradient-index local inhomogeneities

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