In-Situ Atomic Force Microscopy Observations of the Effect of Addition of Graphite and Titanium Dioxide on Performance of the Negative Active Mass of a Lead-Acid Battery

In situ detection of reactive oxygen species spontaneously generated on lead acid battery anodes: a pathway for degradation and self-discharge at open circuit

“…25 Extensive research is underway to enhance the stability of LABs by changing the composition of the negative electrodes to minimize the rate of self-discharge and suppress the gas emissions. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] However, in order to improve the performance of LABs, the origins of the rapid self-discharge and the insidious side reactions should be explored.…”