In Situ Polymerization and Flame Retardant Mechanism of Bio‐Based Nitrogen and Phosphorus Macromolecular Flame Retardant in Plywood

Yang, Guochao; Zhang, Qiuhui

doi:10.1002/marc.202200018

Cited by 20 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Therefore, we took FFA0E0 and FFA12.5E7.5 as the research object to further study the synergistic flame retardancy effect and mechanism of APP and EG by cone calorimetry test (CCT) (Figure 4 and Table 2). The peak of the heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) are usually used to evaluate the flammability and security, 29,30 so FFA12.5E7.5 had significantly lower flammability and higher safety than FFA0E0 (Figure 4A,B). The fire performance index (FPI) is defined as the ratio of the ignition time (TTI) to PHRR, generally, the higher the FPI is, the less fire hazard the material has 31 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightweight and flame retardant fluorosilicone rubber composited foam prepared by supercritical nitrogen

Song

Li-juan

et al. 2023

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Improving the flame retardancy and lightweight of fluorosilicone rubber (FSR) foam is important for its application in aerospace, rail transportation, petrochemical equipment, etc. In this work, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and expandable graphite (EG) were used as synergistic flame retardants, and the lightweight FSR composite foam with flame retardancy was prepared by supercritical N2 foaming. When there were 12.5 phr APP and 7.5 phr EG, the composite foam with density of 0.254 g/cm3 showed superiority in foaming performance and flame retardancy, and the limit oxygen index was 36.4%, the UL‐94 grade reached V‐0, the ignition time was 12 s and the fire performance index was 0.071 s·m2/kW. In addition, the aging, oil and solvent resistance of FSR foam was not affected. This work provided data support for the production and application of the flame retardant FSR foam.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightweight and flame retardant fluorosilicone rubber composited foam prepared by supercritical nitrogen

Song

Li-juan

et al. 2023

Vinyl Additive Technology

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“…This method involves treating the raw materials directly, ensuring that retardants are present in every section of the prepared EWPs, thus guaranteeing overall ame retardancy. Although ame retardancy is improved, the addition of retardants still reduces the mechanical properties of veneers (Yang and Zhang, 2022). Moreover, the strength of LVL is signi cantly in uenced by the adhesive as well (Sulaiman et al 2009), which is closely related to manufacturing parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on mechanical properties and fire resistance of flame- retardant laminated veneer lumber fabricated with fast-growing Poplar

Cui,

Chun,

Lin

et al. 2024

Preprint

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To fully utilize Chinese fast-growing timber resources, fast-growing poplar was selected for manufacturing flame-retardant laminated veneer lumber (FRLVL). Firstly, orthogonal experiments were conducted to assess the impact of four factors (hot-pressing time, hot-pressing temperature, retardant concentration, and retardant types) on the mechanical properties and burning behavior of FRLVL. Subsequently, optimal manufacturing parameters were chosen based on statistical analysis. Finally, the fire performance of LVL manufactured with the optimal parameters was evaluated to investigate changes in physical-mechanical properties under high-temperature conditions. Results indicated that the addition of retardants led to a decrease in mechanical properties. In comparison to the control group, LVL composites impregnated with two retardants exhibited a higher limited oxygen index and longer fireproof time, with the effects of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) surpassing those of borax (BX). The optimal manufacturing parameters were a hot-pressing temperature of 140°C, a hot-pressing time of 1.3 min/mm, and concentrations of 15% for both retardant types. As the temperature increased, the mechanical properties of LVL manufactured with the optimal parameters decreased noticeably. However, under the conditions of a temperature of 200°C and a treatment time of 90 min, the mechanical properties of LVL composites still met the LVL-32P grade proposed in LVL handbook.

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Study on hygroscopic mechanism and atomic‐scale hygroscopic pathways of polyurethane foams

Tian

Bao

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Moisture absorption of polyurethane foams (PUFs) lead to its plasticization and swelling deformation, which can affect its precise installation in precision instruments for engineering applications. In addition, changes in mechanical properties after moisture absorption can affect its safety in service in some vibration damping applications. Herein, a series of foams with different compositions were prepared, and the factors influencing the hygroscopicity of polyurethane foams and the mechanism of hygroscopicity were investigated by combining experimental and theoretical simulations to provide data support for the preparation conditions and molecular structure design of foams in this context. The experimental results showed that the adsorption kinetics of the foams were in accordance with FICK's law, and the mechanical properties of the foams were slightly reduced by moisture absorption, Hydrophobically modified PU-5 has the lowest moisture absorption rate (0.616%) and dimensional change rate (0.118%), but its compressive strength is poor, only 10.548 MPa; PU-6 with fluorosurfactant has the least reduction in compressive strength after moisture absorption (1.63%), its moisture absorption rate and dimensional change rate are 0.738% and 0.168%, respectively; while PU-4 with ammonia ether crosslinker has the largest compressive strength with moisture absorption rate and dimensional change rate of 0.818% and 0.150%, respectively, and the compressive strength decreases by 4.6% after moisture absorption. Considering that the application context requires that the changes in dimensional and mechanical properties after moisture absorption are more important, so PU-4 is the best system. In addition, As the temperature and humidity rise, the moisture absorption increases significantly, when the temperature rises from 25 C to 45 C, the moisture absorption rate is three times the original, when the humidity rises from 40% to 80%, the moisture absorption rate has the same change. More importantly, the moisture absorption mechanism and moisture absorption pathway at the atomic scale were revealed by two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) and low-field NMR, and the experimental results were verified by molecular dynamics simulations, and the simulations and experimental results were found to be consistent. It can be seen from low-field NMR and 2D IR that the foam contains four states of water

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In Situ Polymerization and Flame Retardant Mechanism of Bio‐Based Nitrogen and Phosphorus Macromolecular Flame Retardant in Plywood

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

Lightweight and flame retardant fluorosilicone rubber composited foam prepared by supercritical nitrogen

Lightweight and flame retardant fluorosilicone rubber composited foam prepared by supercritical nitrogen

Research on mechanical properties and fire resistance of flame- retardant laminated veneer lumber fabricated with fast-growing Poplar

Study on hygroscopic mechanism and atomic‐scale hygroscopic pathways of polyurethane foams

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