In situ polymerization and reduction to fabricate gold nanoparticle‐incorporated polyaniline as supercapacitor electrode materials

Abstract

Nanocomposites of gold nanoparticles and polyaniline are synthesized by using HAuCl4 and ammonium peroxydisulfate as the co‐oxidant involving in situ polymerization of aniline and in situ reduction of HAuCl4. Through these in situ methods, the synthesized Au nanoparticles of ca. 20 nm embedded tightly and dispersed uniformly in polyaniline backbone. With the Au content in composite increasing from 4.20 to 24.72 wt.%, the specific capacitance of the materials first increased from 334 to 392 F g−1 and then decreased to 298 F g−1. Based on the real content of PANI in composite material, the highest specific capacitance is calculated to be 485 F g−1 at the Au amount of 19.15 wt.%, which remains 55.6% after 5000 cycles at the current density of 2 A g−1. Finally, the asymmetric supercapacitor of AuNP/PANI||AC and the symmetric supercapacitor of AuNP/PANI||AuNP/PANI are assembled. The asymmetric supercapacitor device shows a better electrochemical performance, which delivers the maximum energy density of 7.71 Wh kg−1 with power density of 125 W kg−1 and maximum power density of 2500 W kg−1 with the energy density of 5.35 Wh kg−1.

Synthesis and Novel Purification Process of PANI and PANI/AgNPs Composite

“…However, it can be appreciated that PANI presents some areas with agglomeration. This behavior is due to the presence of silver in the matrix of PANI similar to the reported by Ran et al [32], using gold instead of silver, where this morphology was detected when the gold precursor was added in a bigger amount. Also, in Figure 8c is presented the elemental analysis of PANI/Ag composite, where a silver signal is no detected, but the existing elements in PANI P4 are present.…”

Maize-like ionic liquid@polyaniline nanocomposites for high performance supercapacitor

“…Till now, the most widely studied conductive polymers for supercapacitor electrode materials are polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polythiophene (PT) and their derivatives (19). Especially, PANI has attracted extensive interest owing to its good environmental/thermo stability, high conductivity, and easy modification by mediating the oxidation state (20)(21)(22)(23). Therefore, PANI has been one of the most promising conducting polymers and widely applied in chemical sensors, energy conversion and storage, microelectronics, etc.…”

Poly(azomethine ether)‐derived carbon nanofibers for self‐standing and binder‐free supercapacitor electrode material applications

“…In recent decades, researches on next generation energy and associated energy storage have been actively conducted to address the global energy crisis and environmental issues 1,2 . One of the promising candidates for the next generation of energy storage devices, supercapacitors represent the intermediate characteristics of conventional capacitors and lithium–ion batteries 3‐6 . Supercapacitors are divided into electrical double‐layer capacitors (EDLCs) and pseudocapacitors, depending on the charge storage mechanism.…”