In-situ positron annihilation lifetime measurements of strained isoprene rubber filled with carbon black

Chiari, Luca; Nippa, Madoka; Ikeda, Yuko; Sato, Tomoyuki; Tsujimoto, Yuji; Kato, Atsushi; Chiba, Naomichi; Fujinami, Masanori

doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110267

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As for free volume change during stretching, it was believed that stretching would lead to an increase of free volume in non‐elastomer polymers from theoretical modeling 47,48 and molecular dynamics simulation 24 . However, recent PALS measurement on stretched isoprene rubber 50 showed that the free volume size did not change as the applied strain increased. The difference between free volume dependence on strain in non‐elastomer and elastomer probably resulted from their difference in Poisson ratio, where for elastomer the value is nearly 0.5 and the volume remains practically constant under deformation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference between free volume dependence on strain in non‐elastomer and elastomer probably resulted from their difference in Poisson ratio, where for elastomer the value is nearly 0.5 and the volume remains practically constant under deformation. Based on Chiari et al's finding 50 and Poisson ratio of elastomer, the free volume holes in the silicone rubber sheet can be assumed to be spheres whose volumes would not change under deformation. The shape of the sphere turned into ellipsoid when the silicone rubber was uniaxially stretched.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deng et al 49 measured the free volume change of an epoxy polymer under quasi-isotropic pressure up to 14.9 kbar using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) and found both the free volume size and fraction decreased as the applied pressure increased. However, Chiari et al 50 used the same technique (PALS) on carbon black filled isoprene rubber and found that the free volume hole size did not vary with the increase of applied tensile strain up to 69%. Barrier et al 42,43 studied the relationships between the transport properties of several hydrocarbons, and degree of crystallinity/ orientation of stretched natural rubber and found that strain-induced crystallization would lower the solubility and permeability of hydrocarbons in stretched rubber whose elongation were greater than 200%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of uniaxial tensile strain on the release of small molecules from silicone rubber

Du,

Mefford

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Silicone rubber materials may be subject to mechanical strains which can affect the transport properties of small molecules loaded in the materials such as plasticizers and active molecules, hence deteriorating their intended mechanical properties or affecting their performance as carriers of active molecules. Therefore, it is important to understand the effects of mechanical strains on transport of small molecules in the silicone rubber matrix. In this work, silicone rubber sheets loaded with 2 wt% triacetin were stretched and held at four different lengths up to 125% engineering strain. The mass transfer coefficients and diffusion coefficients of triacetin in the strained silicone rubber were determined by monitoring the release of triacetin using headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. It was found that there was no significant change of diffusion coefficient as the applied strain increased, which might result from two microstructure changes that had conflicting effects on diffusion: chain orientation and free volume deformation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of uniaxial tensile strain on the release of small molecules from silicone rubber

Du,

Mefford

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Although the self‐healing properties of the material is excellent, the results of current self‐healing technology for rubber revealed that increasing the amount of reactive reversible crosslinks would decrease the mechanical performance. Therefore, many micro or nano‐fillers having high modulus are used for reinforcement to enhance their physical, thermal, and mechanical properties such as synthetic silica, [ 21 ] carbon black, [ 22 ] short fibers, [ 23 ] and metal oxides. [ 24 ] Synthetic precipitated amorphous white silica is a kind of nano‐filler that can replace carbon black in few applications like tire tread compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of silica with polymethylmethacrylate‐co‐methacrylic acid for enhancement of self‐healing performance of natural rubber composites based on metal thiolate ionic network

Rehman

Ismail

Sani

et al. 2023

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Polymethylmethacrylate‐co‐methacrylic acid (PMMA‐co‐MAA) was utilized for surface improvement of silica to be used as reinforcement in self‐healing natural rubber based on metal thiolate ionic network. The amount of PMMA‐co‐MAA was varied at 1, 3, and 5 wt% of silica content and the optimized PMMA‐co‐MAA was utilized to investigate the self‐healing NR/silica composites at different filler loading (5, 10, 20, and 30 phr). The graft polymerization of PMMA‐co‐MAA on silica was confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy and grafting percentage was determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Intermolecular diffusion occurred at the fractured area was detected using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the results revealed that the composite tensile and tear performance increased 22%–70% with healing efficiency percentage ranging between 70% and 97% depending on the silica loading.

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Effects of modified coal gasification fine slag on the processing and mechanical properties of natural rubber composites

Ding,

Hu,

Liu

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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Coal gasification fine slag (CGFS) is rich in unburned residual carbon, silica and alumina, and has a large specific surface area, making it a potential polymer‐reinforcing filler. Tea polyphenol (TP)‐modified coal gasification fine slag (TP‐CGFS‐T) was prepared using flotation and modification methods in this study. The effects of unmodified and modified CGFS‐T on the sulfurization performance, processing properties, thermal stability, fracture morphology, and mechanical properties of natural rubber composite materials were investigated. Results indicated that after TP modification, CGFS‐T exhibited highly uniform dispersion on the surface without the agglomeration of fillers. When the dosage of TP‐CGFS‐T was 20 phr, the comprehensive performance of the natural rubber (NR) composite material was optimal, with a tensile strength of 12.12 MPa, the elongation at break of 1208.83%, the tear strength of 30.94 kN/m, and the shore hardness of 38.7 A. As the amount of TP‐CGFS‐T increased, the scorch time of NR increased, which enhanced the processing safety of rubber. This study provides a strategy for treating CGFS, which can both reduce the pollution caused by CGFS and save costs for NR composite materials.Highlight The CGFS is separated into concentrate and tailings by flotation. The compatibility between fillers and the matrix is enhanced by TP modification of CGFS‐T. The composite materials show excellent mechanical and processing properties.

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In-situ positron annihilation lifetime measurements of strained isoprene rubber filled with carbon black

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of uniaxial tensile strain on the release of small molecules from silicone rubber

Effects of uniaxial tensile strain on the release of small molecules from silicone rubber

Surface modification of silica with polymethylmethacrylate‐co‐methacrylic acid for enhancement of self‐healing performance of natural rubber composites based on metal thiolate ionic network

Effects of modified coal gasification fine slag on the processing and mechanical properties of natural rubber composites

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