In situ scratch testing and abrasion simulation of WC/Co

Gee, M G; Mingard, Ken; Nunn, John; Roebuck, B; Gant, A.J.

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2016.06.004

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Studies where abrasion (as in polishing damage) have been simulated by scratch tests have shown a complex deformation mechanism involving WC grain fragmentation and re-embedding which can lead to some grain refinement at the surface. [6][7][8][9][10]…”

Section: Sample Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As they can easily and quickly be repeated, they provide a statistical overview of material performance. Contact damage of cemented carbides has been studied in indentation, [2][3][4] cyclic contact fatigue, [5] abrasion, [6] scratch and erosion testing, [6][7][8][9][10] micro-pillar compression and micro-cantilever bending tests. [11] Zhang et al studied the indentation behaviour of different WC-10 wt.% Co grades with a 5 mm spherical polycrystalline diamond indenter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gee and co-workers studied the deformation of cemented carbides in repetitive scratch tests with small radius diamond probes. [8,10] The major wear mechanisms involved the accumulation of damage, fracture and removal of WC grains which occurred by (i) fracture and fragmentation of the WC-grains, (ii) re-embedment of WC grain fragments into the Co binder (iii) cracking between grains and (iv) removal of fine material as debris. To study the resistance to cyclic loading, Küperfle and co-workers performed high cycle (to 10 7 cycles) tests with a 5 mm radius silicon nitride indenter at forces to 2.8 kN reporting that the samples with highest fracture toughness did not show the best fatigue resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probe geometry and surface roughness effects in microscale impact testing of WC-Co

Beake

Isern

Harris

et al. 2020

Materials and Manufacturing Processes

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Depth-sensing repetitive micro-impact tests have been performed on cemented carbide cutting tool inserts with spheroconical diamond probes with end radii of 8, 20 and 100 µm. Results were strongly dependent on probe radius and applied load. At higher load there was a transition to a faster damage rate marking the onset of more variability in rate and in the residual depth of the impact crater when using 8 and 20 µm probes. SEM images show break-up of the WC skeleton at the periphery of the contact zone. Lower surface roughness slowed the initial damage rate at higher load but did not significantly influence the final crater depth. The loaddependent fatigue mechanism displayed by the cemented carbide also has implications for the study and optimisation of coatings when these are deposited.

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Section: Sample Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probe geometry and surface roughness effects in microscale impact testing of WC-Co

Beake

Isern

Harris

et al. 2020

Materials and Manufacturing Processes

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“…In many applications of WC-based hardmetals, wear resistance is a very important property and one which is crucial to optimize at the micro-and nano-levels as well. There is a long history of the examination of the wear behavior of WC-based hardmetals using different techniques, however, microand nano-scratch measurements on these systems have been carried out only during the last decade and only by a few authors [88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103].…”

Section: Micro/nano-tribology and Scratch Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent experiments, a spherically-tipped diamond indenter was moved under load across polished WC-Co samples of two hardmetal grades with different microstructures, either as a single track or as an abrasion simulation [90]. The effects of changing the number of repeat passes and whether repeat passes were carried out in the same lateral position or with a lateral offset to simulate abrasion were also investigated.…”

Section: Micro/nano-tribology and Scratch Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small-Scale Mechanical Testing of Cemented Carbides from the Micro- to the Nano-Level: A Review

Naughton-Duszová

Csanádi

Sedlák

et al. 2019

Metals

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In this overview, we summarize the results published to date concerning the small-scale mechanical testing of WC–Co cemented carbides and similar hardmetals, describing the clear trend in the research towards ever-smaller scales (currently at the nano-level). The load-size effect during micro/nanohardness testing of hardmetals and their constituents and the influence of the WC grain orientation on their deformation, hardness, indentation modulus, fracture toughness, and fatigue characteristics are discussed. The effect of the WC grain size/orientation, cobalt content, and testing environment on damage accumulation, wear mechanisms, and wear parameters are summarized. The deformation and fracture characteristics and mechanical properties, such as the yield and compression strength, of WC–Co composites and their individual WC grains at different orientations during micropillar compression tests are described. The mechanical and fracture properties of micro-cantilevers milled from WC–Co hardmetals, single WC grains, and cantilevers containing WC/WC boundaries with differently-oriented WC grains are discussed. The physical background of the deformation and damage mechanisms in cemented carbides at the micro/nano-levels is descri and potential directions for future research in this field are outlined.

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A New WC‐Based Tool Material with High Comprehensive Mechanical Properties

et al. 2022

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In this article, a new WC‐ Al2O3 composite tool material is successfully fabricated by vacuum hot‐pressed sintering process with high hardness and flexural strength as well as fracture toughness, which solved the problem of mutual restriction between hardness and toughness of existing WC‐Co composite tool materials. By adding Al2O3, the hardness of WC‐based cemented carbide tool is significantly improved, the flexural strength and fracture toughness are also improved. The fracture mode of WC‐Al2O3 composites is transgranular/intergranular mixed fracture mode due to the addition of Al2O3, and more fracture energy is consumed during crack propagation, thus improving the fracture toughness of WC‐ Al2O3 composites. When Al2O3 content is 5 wt%, the comprehensive mechanical properties of WC‐based cemented carbide is the best, with a fracture toughness of 12.3 ± 1.0 MPa· m1/2, a flexural strength of 1385 ± 65 MPa, and Vickers hardness of 22.8 ± 1.6 GPa. In this article, the sintering temperature and holding time are optimized. The WC‐ Al2O3 composite tool materials with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties are fabricated at low sintering temperature of 1450 °C by using appropriate original powder particle size. The hardness is improved while maintaining high flexural strength and high fracture toughness.

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In situ scratch testing and abrasion simulation of WC/Co

Cited by 42 publications

References 26 publications

Probe geometry and surface roughness effects in microscale impact testing of WC-Co

Probe geometry and surface roughness effects in microscale impact testing of WC-Co

Small-Scale Mechanical Testing of Cemented Carbides from the Micro- to the Nano-Level: A Review

A New WC‐Based Tool Material with High Comprehensive Mechanical Properties

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