In Situ Simulation for Pediatric Emergencies in a Busy Emergency Department in Mwanza, Tanzania

<p>The Use of in situ Simulation in Healthcare Education: Current Perspectives</p>

“…Simulation has been used in a number of different specialties within medicine, the most common being resuscitation skills. [11][12][13]15,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Other specialties included obstetrics and gynecology, midwifery, anesthesiology and mental health.…”

“…16,23,25 Some studies scheduled the simulations in the morning, due to the decreased number of patients who attend ED at that time. 11,27 Others opted for a flexible timetabling approach, rescheduling the simulation if there was a demand for the emergency team. 11 The educational component either involved managing different emergency scenarios or focused on specific skills.…”

“…22,23 While others focused on managing acute presentations such as cardiac arrest, neonatal resuscitation, seizures and status epilepticus, trauma, toxicology, sepsis and shock, respiratory distress, fracture management, airway management and diabetic ketoacidosis. 12,23,25,27 These simulations tried to focus on emphasizing the important differences between pediatric versus adult resuscitation, by introducing challenges seen specifically in pediatrics such as parents surrounding a small cot and scattered toys. 27 Skills were either chosen by carrying out needs assessment surveys for the staff prior to simulation design or taken with the guidance of resources such as the pediatric resuscitation practical approach or pediatric perioperative cardiac arrest registry.…”

“…12,23,25,27 These simulations tried to focus on emphasizing the important differences between pediatric versus adult resuscitation, by introducing challenges seen specifically in pediatrics such as parents surrounding a small cot and scattered toys. 27 Skills were either chosen by carrying out needs assessment surveys for the staff prior to simulation design or taken with the guidance of resources such as the pediatric resuscitation practical approach or pediatric perioperative cardiac arrest registry. 12,13,23,28 Simulations in the Obstetrics and Gynecology specialty took place in labor rooms, inpatient rooms, postnatal wards, operating theatres or in one case in a separate room.…”

“…19 Non-anesthetists practiced sedation skills in pediatric emergency settings. 32 A study in a mental health triage ward focused on medically deteriorating patients in a mental health setting, choosing priority training needs for the staff with scenarios such as respiratory distress, diabetic • Paediatric ED 1,12,13,16,22,23,27,28,32 • Adult ED 11,18,24,25,29, • Neonatal resuscitation 39 • Obstetrics and gynaecology 20,21,26,30,31 • Mental health 33 • Neurology 37 • ICU 35 • Anaesthetics 17,32 • Primary care 34 • General 14,36 Aim • Low-fidelity 11,27 • Medium fidelity 13 • High-fidelity 15,33,39 • Multi-centre design 12,22,23,25,34,36,39 Scheduling…”