In vitro bioaccessibility assessment as a prediction tool of nutritional efficiency

Nutritionally Enhanced Staple Food Crops

“…Another advantage of Caco-2 cell model is that bioavailability can be determined even when composition data of a given food is either inaccurate or not available. Thus, the Caco-2 cell culture model represents a useful tool for initial screening and should be complemented with in vivo studies that will remain as the criterion standard for bioaccessibility of nutrients and bioactive compounds (Fernandez-Garcıa et al 2009). Other in vitro methods include solubility and dialyzability that are not useful predictors of iron absorption in comparison to Caco-2 cell model, which provide the most useful in vitro experimental approach for studying iron availability from food digests to predict about the iron bioavailability in vivo.…”

“…The tissue concentration consists of monitoring the increase in plasma/serum concentration of the nutrient or bioactive compound. These approaches have been applied either with experimental animal or human subjects to determine absorption of carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, phytochemicals, and others (Fernandez-Garcıa et al 2009). …”

“…Bioavailability of nutrients in humans is determined by a sequential series of events, which include (1) digestion and release of elements from food matrix into the lumen of gastrointestinal (GI) tract (availability), (2) transport into intestinal enterocytes (uptake), (3) efflux across the basolateral membrane of enterocytes into the circulation (absorption), (4) retention, or endogenous excretion in urine and feces (retention), (5) transport to tissues for use in normal body functions (utilization), and (6) transport to storage sites (body stores) (Fairweather-Tait et al 2005). Furthermore, Fernandez-Garcıa et al (2009) defined bioavailability as a sum of bioaccessibility and bioactivity and defined bioaccessibility as the fraction of a compound that is released from its matrix in the GI tract and thus becomes available for intestinal absorption. Bioaccessibility includes the entire sequence of events that take place during the digestive transformation of food into materials that can be assimilated by the body, the absorption/assimilation into the cells of the intestinal epithelium, and lastly, the presystemic metabolism.…”

Impact of the Pulsed Electric Field Treatment on Bioactive Food Compounds: Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability

“…In point of the nutritional view, bioavailability refers to ingested bioactive composition that is available for utilizing in physiologic acts or to be stock [51,52]. According to Benito and Miller [53] and Fernández-García et al [52]; bioavailability is defined as a quantity of a precise nutrient in a certain food that the organism can actually utilize. Bioavailability is an important term in terms of the nutritional impact of the food [52,54].…”

“…According to Benito and Miller [53] and Fernández-García et al [52]; bioavailability is defined as a quantity of a precise nutrient in a certain food that the organism can actually utilize. Bioavailability is an important term in terms of the nutritional impact of the food [52,54]. The organism can use exclusively determined amounts of all nutrients and bioactive ingredients in food.…”