In vitro digestibility and nutritional characterization of distillers dried grains with solubles according to the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System

Abstract

We evaluated the fractions of protein and carbohydrates in distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), corn grain (CG), soybean meal (SM), and corn silage (CS), as well as the in vitro digestibility (IVD) of DDGS, CG, SM, CS, rations containing 0.0, 8.0, 16.0, and 24.0% DDGS, and in vitro fermentation parameters after 24 h of incubation. DDGS were obtained following microbial fermentation for ethanol production from a sugar and alcohol distillery located in the state of Mato Grosso -Brazil. The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) was used to determine the protein and carbohydrate fractions of experimental diets. For the in vitro nutrient digestion assay using the experimental foods and experimental diets, two sheep with an average body weight of 26 kg were used as inoculum donors. The in vitro digestibility of food and feed was assayed in three replicates. Fraction A of DDGS CP was 88, 71, and 37% lower in relation to fraction A of SM, CG, and CS, respectively. Fraction B2 of DDGS protein contained 21% CP, which represents 78.84% of DDGS protein in fraction B2, and is higher than the SM, which was 70.44%. The B3 fraction of CP, which is partly released during ruminal fermentation, was 18% lower for SM compared to DDGS, and is expressed in %CP. For carbohydrate fractionation, the DDGS presented 8.64% for the A + B1 fraction on a DM basis, which was 62, 86, and 74% lower compared to those obtained for SM, CG. and CS, respectively. The hemicellulose and cellulose contents of DDGS were higher than those of SM, as verified in fraction B2, with a value of 46.92%, expressed in DM. The in vitro digestibility coefficients (IVDC) of the DDGS nutrients did not differ (p > 0.05) in relation to those of the other experimental foods. The inclusion of DDGS in rations formulated for sheep did not change (p > 0.05) the IVDC of DM, OM, CP. NDF, or ADF, with mean values of 70.93, 70.64, 59.58, 52.83, and 43.40%, respectively. Therefore, DDGS comprise a proteinrich food containing more than 70% CP in fraction B2, with a large amount of carbohydrates bound to the cell wall. In addition, DDGS possess a similar digestibility coefficient to corn grain and soybean meal; however, up to 24% can be included in feed formulations for ruminants without changing the in vitro digestibility coefficient of nutrients. ResumoForam avaliadas as frações da proteína e dos carboidratos de grãos secos de destilaria com solúveis (GSDS), grão de milho (GM), farelo de soja (FS), e silagem de milho (SM), e a digestibilidade in vitro (CDIV) do GSDS, GM, FS, SM e de rações contendo a inclusão de 0,0%; 8,0%; 16,0% e 24,0% de GSDS, bem como os parâmetros de fermentação in vitro após 24 horas de incubação. O GSDS foi obtido após processo de fermentação microbiana para a produção do etanol, de uma destilaria de flex de açúcar e álcool localizada no estado de Mato Grosso -Brasil. Para determinação das frações proteicas e de carboidratos dos alimentos experimentais foi utilizado Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System -CNCPS. Para o ...

Distiller’s dried grains with solubles (Zea mays L.) in feeding sheep on nitrogen balance

“…Previous research by Nuez-Ortín and Yu (2009), Salim et al (2010), and Geron et al (2017), among others, has shown that DDGS is usually composed of 87.0 -93.0% dry matter (DM), 28.1 -32.9% crude protein (CP), 8.2 -16.5% ethereal extract (EE), and 19.7 -4 9.5% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and typically contains a total digestible nutrient (TDN) content in the 69.6 -78.5% range.…”

“…Ethanol is derived from the fermentation process, during which a byproduct called "distiller's dried grain solubles", or DDGS, is produced (RAUSCH;BELYEA, 2005;KIM;DALE, 2005). In Portuguese: "grão seco de destilaria com solúveis" -GSDS (GERON et al, 2017).…”

“…According to the Associação dos Produtores de Soja e Milho de Mato Grosso -APROSOJA (2012), as well as Schone (2015) and Geron et al (2017), DDGS produced in Brazil consists of, on average, 90.6-96.1% DM, 25.7-35.9% CP, 2.3-8.9% EE, and 10.3% crude fiber (CF), the latter a component of DM. Geron et al (2017) considered DDGS to be a protein-rich food, as greater than 70% of the CP is in the form of the B2 fraction (true protein); in addition, DDGS contains high levels of carbohydrates bound to the cell wall. Moreover, DDGS produced in Brazil has a lower in vitro digestibility coefficient for DM and CP than does standard soybean meal protein.…”

In vitro Nutrient Digestibility and Fermentation Pattern of Concentrate Mixtures Containing Incremental Levels of Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles

“…The digestibility of DM, NDF and OM of the concentrates containing 50%, 75% and 100% RDDGS levels replacing SBM was higher (P<0.05) than concentrate mixture 1 (control) in the present study. However, Geron et al, (2017) reported no effect of inclusion of DDGS on IVDMD and IVOMD. Contrarily, Yogi et al (2017) showed that IVDMD decreased (P<0.01) after 50% inclusion of RDDGS replacing oil cakes, whereas IVOMD was unaffected except at 100% RDDGS where it was reduced.…”

Distiller’s dried grain with solubles (Zea mays L) in the diet of sheep reared in the tropical region of Brazil: ingestive behavior and physiological parameters

“…The bromatological composition of DDGS is as follows: 87.0% to 93.0% dry matter (DM); 28.1% to 32.9% crude protein (CP); 8.2% to 16.5% of ethereal extract (EE), 19.7% to 49.5% of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and 69.6% to 78.0% of total digestible nutrients (TDN) (NUEZ-ORTÍN;YU, 2009;SALIM et al, 2010;GERON et al, 2017b). Studies are needed to determine appropriate levels of DDGS that could be included in ruminant rations (GERON et al, 2017a).According to Bremm et al (2008), the ingestive behavior of animals allows for the definition of adequate food management strategies, which 1269 Semina: Ciências Agrárias, Londrina, v. 39, n. 3, p. 1267-1280, maio/jun. 2018…”