In vitro evaluation of dentin tubule occlusion by three bioactive materials: A scanning electron microscopic study

Ghafournia, Maryam; Tehrani, Maryam Hajnorouzali; Nekouei, Afsaneh; Faghihian, Reyhaneh; Mohammadpour, Mehrnaz; Feiz, Atiyeh

doi:10.4103/1735-3327.255747

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In the current study, CPP-ACP achieved an appreciable amount of TO and formed precipitate plugs into the DTs compared to no treatment group, which is in accordance with the findings of Ghafournia et al [ 18 ]. CPP forms nanoclusters with ACP, which can maintain the supersaturation of ions in the saliva thereby resulting in mineralization.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…It has been shown that in the presence of a calcium source, 15% PA is capable of facilitating the deposition of HAp onto the demineralized dentin [ 17 ]. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) serves as a calcium-phosphate reservoir around the teeth and has been used as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of DH due to its ability to block open dentinal tubules [ 18 , 19 ]. Hence the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of surface application of os-nHAp with and without 15% PA pretreatment in comparison with CPP-ACP on dentin tubule occlusion and intratubular depth of mineralized precipitate penetration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oyster shell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite and proanthocyanidin pretreatment on dentinal tubule occlusion and permeability before and after acid challenge—an in vitro study

Ram

Sujatha

Vidhya

et al. 2023

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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This in vitro study evaluated the dentinal tubule occlusion (TO), depth of penetration (DoP), and dentin permeability (DP) of oyster shell-derived nanohydroxyapatite (os-nHAp) with and without 15% proanthocyanidin (PA) pretreatment. os-nHAp was synthesized via the precipitation method and it was characterized. The morphology and particle size of os-nHAp were analyzed using a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). Cytotoxicity of os-nHAp, PA/os-nHAp, and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) was assessed by (3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using human osteosarcoma (MG-63) cell line. One hundred and ninety-seven dentin discs of 3 mm thickness were prepared from the crown portion of extracted human teeth. The dentinal surfaces of the discs were etched for 2 min with 6% citric acid to simulate dentin hypersensitivity. Five discs were randomly selected and the patency of dentinal tubules was confirmed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The remaining 192 discs were divided into four groups (n = 48) depending on the type of remineralization as follows: group 1: os-nHAp, group 2: PA/os-nHAp, group 3: CPP-ACP, and group 4: no treatment. The remineralization protocol was followed for 21 days. Out of the 48 dentin discs in each group, 32 discs were used to evaluate dentinal tubule occlusion (TO) and depth of penetration (DoP) using SEM. The remaining 16 discs were subjected to an assessment of dentin permeability (DP) using a hydraulic conductance model. TO, DoP and DP were evaluated after remineralization and acid challenge. Characterization studies confirmed the presence of pure phase apatite. HRTEM confirmed the nanometric particle size of os-nHAp. MTT assay results showed that all the tested materials exhibited >80% cell viability when tested up to a concentration of 100 µg/mL. The results demonstrated a significantly higher mean percentage of TO, DoP, and lesser mean DP after remineralization in groups 1, 2, and 3 (p < 0.05). After the acid challenge, group 3 showed a significant reduction in TO and DoP, and increased DP (p < 0.05). However, no such changes were observed in groups 1 and 2. Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that os-nHAp and PA/os-nHAp could serve as potential and durable therapeutic agents in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oyster shell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite and proanthocyanidin pretreatment on dentinal tubule occlusion and permeability before and after acid challenge—an in vitro study

Ram

Sujatha

Vidhya

et al. 2023

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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“…These clinical studies showed that the sensitivity score decreased rapidly and lasted for a long period following the regular use of SnF 2containing dentifrice [26,27]. NaF is present in desensitizing varnishes at concentrations as high as 2-5% [28][29][30]. If dentifrices contain a minimal amount of NaF (0.15-0.32%), the tubule occlusion effect is insufficient and it may be improved when combined with different agents such as potassium salts [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occlusion of dentinal tubules on periodontally involved teeth by dentifrice containing stannous fluoride and sodium fluoride

et al. 2023

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Purpose: This study examined the occlusion effect of a dentifrice containing stannous fluoride (SnF 2 ) and sodium fluoride (NaF) on periodontally involved teeth in comparison with healthy teeth using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in comparison with a dentifrice containing NaF alone. Methods: Sixty dentine samples obtained from single-rooted premolars, 15 of them extracted for orthodontic reasons (Group H) and 15 because of periodontal destruction (Group P), were included in the study. Each group of specimens was further divided into subgroups: HC and PC (control), H1 and P1 (treated with SnF 2 and NaF), and H2 and P2 (treated with NaF). The samples were brushed twice a day for 7 days, kept in artificial saliva, and examined by SEM. The diameters of open tubules and the numbers of tubules were assessed at ×2,000 magnification. Results: The H and P groups showed similar diameters of open tubules.The numbers of open tubules in Groups H1, P1, H2, and P2 were significantly lower than in Groups HC and PC (P < 0.001), and consistent with the percentages of occluded tubules. Group P1 had the highest percentage of occluded tubules. Conclusions: Although both dentifrices were found to successfully occlude dentinal tubules, the dentifrice containing SnF 2 and NaF provided the highest degree of occlusion in periodontally involved teeth.

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“…Even though the CPP-ACP group lacked fluoride and had statistically lesser tubule occlusion, previous studies have shown that agents containing CPP-ACP had comparable remineralizing and desensitizing abilities to fluoride-containing agents. [ 9 , 20 , 21 ] This may be because of the interdependency of fluoride on calcium and phosphate for its remineralizing action. Fluoride requires calcium and phosphate from the saliva to get involved in as well as to enhance the remineralization process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro evaluation of remineralizing agents on dentinal tubule occlusion: A scanning electron microscopic study

Sathish,

Gopalkrishna,

Kumar

2023

Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology

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Context: Over the years, numerous treatment modalities have been researched for the management of dentinal hypersensitivity. A recent remineralizing agent containing a phase of amorphous calcium phosphate combined with fluoride has shown the ability to rapidly convert into biomimetic hydroxyapatite. This potential can be utilized in occluding the dentinal tubules for the treatment of hypersensitivity. Aims: The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of biomimetic hydroxyapatite-based tooth mousse and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) tooth mousse as desensitizing agents on dentinal tubule occlusion. Materials and Methods: The in vitro study design involved 30 prepared dentin specimens that were divided into three groups: Group A: negative control, Group B: CPP-ACP tooth mousse (GC tooth mousse™), and Group C: fluoride-doped amorphous calcium phosphate (F-ACP) tooth mousse (Curasept Biosmalto Denti Sensibili Tooth Mousse). The specimens were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an attached energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy apparatus after 1 week. Statistical Analysis: The data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test and post hoc Mann–Whitney test for intragroup and intergroup analysis, respectively. Results: The SEM analysis of the F-ACP group showed statistically greater percentage of tubule occlusion (40.21%) compared to the CPP-ACP group (38.15%). EDX analysis of both F-ACP and CPP-ACP groups revealed calcium, phosphorus, carbon, oxygen, and silica with an additional fluoride element in the F-ACP group. Conclusions: In the present study, both remineralizing agents were able to occlude the dentinal tubules. Among the two, the F-ACP tooth mousse showed greater tubule occlusion, and therefore, appears promising as an upcoming remineralizing agent in the management of dentinal hypersensitivity.

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In vitro evaluation of dentin tubule occlusion by three bioactive materials: A scanning electron microscopic study

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Oyster shell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite and proanthocyanidin pretreatment on dentinal tubule occlusion and permeability before and after acid challenge—an in vitro study

Oyster shell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite and proanthocyanidin pretreatment on dentinal tubule occlusion and permeability before and after acid challenge—an in vitro study

Occlusion of dentinal tubules on periodontally involved teeth by dentifrice containing stannous fluoride and sodium fluoride

In vitro evaluation of remineralizing agents on dentinal tubule occlusion: A scanning electron microscopic study

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