In vitro Flowering From Citrus limon Lateral Buds

Tisserat, Brent; Galletta, Paul D.; Jones, D. Breese

doi:10.1016/s0176-1617(11)81615-9

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The importance of temperature as a major factor of flower induction is well established and has been recognized for a long time (Moss, 1969;Altman and Goren, 1974;Guardiola et al, 1982;Valiente and Albrigo, 2004;Nebauer et al, 2006). Several authors have proposed that low temperatures may have a dual effect releasing bud dormancy and inducing flowering (Southwick and Davenport, 1986;García-Luis et al, 1989, 1992Tisserat et al, 1990). Moreover, temperatures under 20ºC have been demonstrated to contribute to flower bud induction in a time dependent manner (Moss, 1969;Southwik and Davenport, 1986;García-Luis et al, 1992).…”

Section: Flowering Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology of citrus fruiting

Iglesias

Cercós

Colmenero‐Flores

et al. 2007

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

310

232

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Citrus is the main fruit tree crop in the world and therefore has a tremendous economical, social and cultural impact in our society. In recent years, our knowledge on plant reproductive biology has increased considerably mostly because of the work developed in model plants. However, the information generated in these species cannot always be applied to citrus, predominantly because citrus is a perennial tree crop that exhibits a very peculiar and unusual reproductive biology. Regulation of fruit growth and development in citrus is an intricate phenomenon depending upon many internal and external factors that may operate both sequentially and simultaneously. The elements and mechanisms whereby endogenous and environmental stimuli affect fruit growth are being interpreted and this knowledge may help to provide tools that allow optimizing production and fruit with enhanced nutritional value, the ultimate goal of the Citrus Industry. This article will review the progress that has taken place in the physiology of citrus fruiting during recent years and present the current status of major research topics in this area. Key words: abiotic stresses, abscission, color break, flowering, fruit set, ripening Fisiologia da frutificação em citrus. Citrus é a principal fruteira no mundo, tendo, portanto, profundos impactos econômicos, sociais e culturais em nossa sociedade. Nos últimos anos, o conhecimento sobre a biologia reprodutiva de plantas tem aumentado consideravelmente, principalmente em função de trabalhos desenvolvidos com plantas-modelo. Todavia, a informação produzida nessas espécies nem sempre pode ser aplicada a citrus, fundamentalmente porque citrus é uma cultura arbórea perene com uma biologia reprodutiva muito peculiar e incomum. A regulação do crescimento e desenvolvimento do fruto em citrus é um fenômeno complexo e dependente de muitos fatores externos e internos que podem operar tanto seqüencialmente como simultaneamente. Os elementos e mecanismos pelos quais estímulos ambientes e endógenos afetam o crescimento do fruto vêm sendo interpretados, e esse conhecimento pode auxiliar a prover ferramentas que permitiriam otimizar a produção per se, além da obtenção de frutos com maior valor nutricional, o objetivo precípuo da Industria de Citrus. Neste artigo, revisam-se os avanços que vêm ocorrendo na fisiologia da frutificação de citrus durante os últimos anos; apresenta-se, também, o status atual de pesquisas mais relevantes nessa área. Palavras-chave: estresses abióticos, floração, maturação, vingamento de frutos

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Section: Flowering Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology of citrus fruiting

Iglesias

Cercós

Colmenero‐Flores

et al. 2007

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

310

232

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“…While in vifro flowering has been observed for some other plant cultures (summarised in a review by Scorza in 1982), the regulatory factors involved are still poorly understood. Very often, the use of plant growth regulators is necessary to induce growth and/or flowering in vitro (Tisserat & Galletta 1988).…”

Section: In Vitro Floweringmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro flowering and propagation ofLeptinella nanaL., an endangered plant

Carson

Leung

1994

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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Leptinella nana L., an endangered New Zealand plant, was successfully micropropagated in a half strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 3% sucrose and no exogenous plant growth regulators. An in vitro multiplication rate of four to five plants per shoot subcultured every 3 weeks has been achieved. The plant cultures can be easily reintroduced to soil and grown under glasshouse conditions.Flowering occurred following subculture of the L. nana plants. This in vitro flowering capacity showed no sign of decline during 16 months of successive 3-weekly subcultures. Photoperiods, sucrose levels, and different MS salts do not appear to be the key controlling factors of the in vitro flowering process.

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“…For example, in Citrus Altmen and Goren (1974), Garcia-Luis et al (1989), and Tisserat et al (1990) used explants that consisted of the whole bud, portions of bark and wood from the branchlet and the stump end of the petiole; Tsujikawa et al (1990) used axillary leaf buds or growing shoot apices for successful flowering of Japanese pear. Trial experiments were carried out with Boronia using explants derived from a variety of sources, including: shoot proliferations, in vitro grown shoots, and current seasons' laterals.…”

Section: Preliminary Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro flowering of Boronia megastigma Nees. and the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine

Roberts

Luckman

Menary

1993

J Plant Growth Regul

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Successful flower bud initiation and development was achieved on Boronia megastigma in vitro. The effect of cytokinin on flowering was investigated in environmental conditions that promote flowering as well as under conditions that stimulate vegetative growth (nonfloral promotory conditions). Flower initiation and differentiation was enhanced by cytokinin; however, many flower buds reverted when the media contained high levels of cytokinin. Anthesis occurred only on media that had no cytokinin added and under floral promotory conditions. Boronia megastigma Nees. is a woody understorey shrub 1-2 m in height, bearing a profusion of strongly scented brown, purple, and yellow flowers in early spring. They are initiated in autumn and continue to differentiate during the winter. Floral and vegetative buds are normally initiated from uncommitted primordia located in the axils of nonexpanding leaves, on current season's node-bearing structures, under a range of environmental conditions. More flowers initiate (up to three per leaf axil) under low night temperatures (5-7~ with short days (10 h) and 50-100% full sunlight (floral promotory conditions) (Roberts and Menary 1989a,b).Differentiation and development of preexisting flower buds in vivo is enhanced by exogenous cytokinin under floral promoting conditions. However, when applied under long days (16 h) and moderate night temperatures (> 15~ many flower buds revert to vegetative differentiation rather than abort (Roberts 1989). Successful reversion to vegetative growth depends partly on the stage of flower bud differentiation when the cytokinin is applied. A flowering gradient exists along most laterals where the more mature flowers are usually located in the axils of the fourth leaves below the apex; flower maturity decreases both acropetally and basipetally from this point (Roberts and Menary 1990). The presence of the flowering gradient makes it difficult to carry out investigations on buds that initiate at the same time and have the same degree of sink strength; however, this can be achieved in vitro. The aim of this experiment was to investigate flower bud initiation and development in vitro using different levels of cytokinin and two environments. Materials and Methods Preliminary ExperimentsGenerally for woody species, embryos or young inflorescences must be used to regenerate shoot types or organs in vitro; hence, the explant must be in to a juvenile state (Tran Thanh van 1981).For example, in Citrus Altmen and Goren (1974), Garcia-Luis et al. (1989), andTisserat et al. (1990) used explants that consisted of the whole bud, portions of bark and wood from the branchlet and the stump end of the petiole; Tsujikawa et al. (1990) used axillary leaf buds or growing shoot apices for successful flowering of Japanese pear. Trial experiments were carried out with Boronia using explants derived from a variety of sources, including: shoot proliferations, in vitro grown shoots, and current seasons' laterals. These preliminary experiments showed that flower buds could be initi...

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In vitro Flowering From Citrus limon Lateral Buds

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Physiology of citrus fruiting

Physiology of citrus fruiting

In vitro flowering and propagation ofLeptinella nanaL., an endangered plant

In vitro flowering of Boronia megastigma Nees. and the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine

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