In Vitro Human Cancer Models for Biomedical Applications

Choi, Jane Ru; Kozalak, Gül; Bari, Ighli di; Babar, Quratulain; Niknam, Zahra; Rasmi, Yousef; Yong, Kar Wey

doi:10.3390/cancers14092284

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Cancer is one of the leading causes of human mortality [ 9 , 10 ]. Cancer cells’ traits, such as sustained proliferation, resistance to cell death, angiogenesis capacity, invasion, evasion of immune surveillance, and metastasis, could be the targets of the bioactive compounds of plants [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytotoxic, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Leaf Extract of Sinningia bullata

Chen

Lin

et al. 2023

Plants

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Sinningia bullata is a tuberous member of the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. Prior to this work, the antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties of S. bullata were undetermined. Here, we prepared different extracts from the leaf, stem, and tuber of S. bullata and investigated their pharmacological activities. The leaf extract of S. bullata, obtained by 100% acetone (Sb-L-A), had the highest total flavonoid content, antioxidation capacity, and cytotoxic and antibacterial activities. Sb-L-A displayed a broad range of antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The inhibition zones of Sb-L-A ranged from 8 to 30 mm and were in the following order: S. aureus > E. coli > P. aeruginosa. Incubation of B16F10 melanoma cells with Sb-L-A at a concentration of 80 μg/mL caused deaths at the rate of 96%, reduced migration by 100%, suppressed proliferation and colony formation by 99%, and induced apoptosis, which was observed in 96% of the B16F10 cells. In addition, the cytotoxic activities of Sb-L-A were synergistically enhanced when coacting with the antitumor drug epothilone B. Sb-L-A was also used to determine the cytotoxic effects against 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells. Sb-L-A of 60 μg/mL boosted the distribution of the G2 phase from 1.4% to 24.4% in the B16F10 cells. Accordingly, Sb-L-A might suppress melanoma cell proliferation by inducing G2 cell-cycle arrest. The most abundant compounds in Sb-L-A were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The top two contents in this extract were adlupulone and villosin. Overall, the collective data in this study may indicate the pharmacological potentials of Sb-L-A for possible medical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cancer is known as one of the most impacting causes of death and morbidity globally. Cancer mortality is on the rise and has become one of the leading causes of human mortality [ 9 , 10 ]. Although substantial progress has been made in the control and treatment of cancer, it still caused approximately 9.9 million deaths in 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Leaf Extract of Sinningia bullata

Chen

Lin

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…Cancer is one of the leading causes of human mortality [64,65]. However, cancer cells can hijack and remodel existing metabolic pathways for their survival and proliferation [66,67], making them hard to treat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic Activities and the Allantoinase Inhibitory Effect of the Leaf Extract of the Carnivorous Pitcher Plant Nepenthes miranda

Lin

Huang

2022

Plants

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Nepenthes are carnivorous pitcher plants that have several ethnobotanical uses, such as curing stomachache and fever. Here, we prepared different extracts from the stem, leaf, and pitcher of Nepenthes miranda to further investigate their pharmacological potential. The leaf extract of N. miranda obtained by 100% acetone (N. miranda-leaf-acetone) was used in this study to analyze the cytotoxic activities, antioxidation capacity, antibacterial activity, and allantoinase (ALLase) inhibitory effect of this plant. The cytotoxic effects of N. miranda-leaf-acetone on the survival, apoptosis, and migration of the cancer cell lines PC-9 pulmonary adenocarcinoma, B16F10 melanoma, and 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells were demonstrated. Based on collective data, the cytotoxic activities of N. miranda-leaf-acetone followed the order: B16F10 > 4T1 > PC-9 cells. In addition, the cytotoxic activities of N. miranda-leaf-acetone were synergistically enhanced when co-acting with the clinical anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil. N. miranda-leaf-acetone could also inhibit the activity of ALLase, a key enzyme in the catabolism pathway for purine degradation. Through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, the 16 most abundant ingredients in N. miranda-leaf-acetone were identified. The top six compounds in N. miranda-leaf-acetone, namely, plumbagin, lupenone, palmitic acid, stigmast-5-en-3-ol, neophytadiene, and citraconic anhydride, were docked to ALLase, and their docking scores were compared. The docking results suggested plumbagin and stigmast-5-en-3-ol as potential inhibitors of ALLase. Overall, these results may indicate the pharmacological potential of N. miranda for further medical applications.

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“…This is because traditional cell cultures do not fully describe the complex interaction between cancer cells, other cells, and the microenvironment. However, 3D cell cultures are more effective in depicting the tumor microenvironment than traditional cultures, and they better reflect the differentiation and proliferation of tumor cells [ 178 ] . Microfluidic systems are biomedical platforms that enable the controlled distribution of small amounts of liquids, which facilitates the simultaneous execution of multiple tests [ 179 ] .…”

Section: Therapeutics For Autophagy In MMmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy-related mechanisms for treatment of multiple myeloma

Kozalak,

Koşar

2023

Cancer Drug Resist

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Multiple myeloma (MM) is a type of hematological cancer that occurs when B cells become malignant. Various drugs such as proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulators, and compounds that cause DNA damage can be used in the treatment of MM. Autophagy, a type 2 cell death mechanism, plays a crucial role in determining the fate of B cells, either promoting their survival or inducing cell death. Therefore, autophagy can either facilitate the progression or hinder the treatment of MM disease. In this review, autophagy mechanisms that may be effective in MM cells were covered and evaluated within the contexts of unfolded protein response (UPR), bone marrow microenvironment (BMME), drug resistance, hypoxia, DNA repair and transcriptional regulation, and apoptosis. The genes that are effective in each mechanism and research efforts on this subject were discussed in detail. Signaling pathways targeted by new drugs to benefit from autophagy in MM disease were covered. The efficacy of drugs that regulate autophagy in MM was examined, and clinical trials on this subject were included. Consequently, among the autophagy mechanisms that are effective in MM, the most suitable ones to be used in the treatment were expressed. The importance of 3D models and microfluidic systems for the discovery of new drugs for autophagy and personalized treatment was emphasized. Ultimately, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of MM disease, encompassing autophagy mechanisms, drugs, clinical studies, and further studies.

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In Vitro Human Cancer Models for Biomedical Applications

Cited by 6 publications

References 134 publications

Cytotoxic, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Leaf Extract of Sinningia bullata

Cytotoxic, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Leaf Extract of Sinningia bullata

Cytotoxic Activities and the Allantoinase Inhibitory Effect of the Leaf Extract of the Carnivorous Pitcher Plant Nepenthes miranda

Autophagy-related mechanisms for treatment of multiple myeloma

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