In-vitro immunomodulatory responses and antiviral activities of antimicrobial peptide octominin against fish pathogenic viruses

Dias, Mawalle Kankanamge Hasitha Madhawa; Jayathilaka, E.H.T. Thulshan; Edirisinghe, Shan Lakmal; Lim, Jae-Woong; Nikapitiya, Chamilani; Kang, So Young; Whang, Ilson; De Zoysa, Mahanama

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109129

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have received increasing attention due to their wider range of activities, making them a promising class of small-molecule peptides. Antimicrobial peptides have antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects on bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites [10][11][12][13][14]. They possess the advantages of antibiotics in disease therapy such as rapid bactericidal action and the ability to provide vaccines with specific targets in disease prevention, and avoid the disadvantages, such as high variation and resistance in pathogens and high residue in animals [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro/Vivo Mechanisms of Antibacterial Peptide NZ2114 against Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Its Biofilms

Zhang,

Yang,

Mao

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an opportunistic pathogen commonly found in canines, and has garnered escalating interest due to its potential for zoonotic transmission and increasing antimicrobial resistance. However, the excessive use of antibiotics and the characteristic of S. pseudintermedius forming biofilms make treatment challenging. In this study, the in vivo and in vitro antimicrobial activity and mechanisms of action of NZ2114, a plectasin-derived peptide, against S. pseudintermedius were investigated. NZ2114 exhibited potent antibacterial activity towards S. pseudintermedius (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC = 0.23 μM) with a lower probability of inducing drug-resistant mutations and efficient bactericidal action, which was superior to those of mopirucin (MIC = 0.25–0.5 μM) and lincomycin (MIC = 4.34–69.41 μM). The results of electron microscopy and flow cytometry showed that NZ2114 disrupted S. pseudintermedius’ cell membrane, resulting in cellular content leakage, cytoplasmic membrane shrinkage, and, eventually, cell death. The intracellular ROS activity and Alamar Blue detection showed that NZ2114 interferes with intracellular metabolic processes. In addition, NZ2114 effectively inhibits biofilm formation, and confocal laser scanning microscopy further revealed its antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity (biofilm thickness reduced to 6.90–17.70 μm). The in vivo therapy of NZ2114 in a mouse pyoderma model showed that it was better than lincomycin in effectively decreasing the number of skin bacteria, alleviating histological damage, and reducing the skin damage area. These results demonstrated that NZ2114 may be a promising antibacterial candidate against S. pseudintermedius infections.

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