In Vitro Multiplication and NMR Fingerprinting of Rare Veronica caucasica M. Bieb

Abstract

Micropropagation of rare Veronica caucasica M. Bieb. was achieved by successful in vitro cultivation of mono-nodal segments on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L–1 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and then transferring the regenerated plants on hormone free basal MS medium for root development. In vitro multiplicated plants were successively acclimated in a growth chamber and a greenhouse with 92% survival. The number of plastid pigments and the total phenolics content in in vitro cultivated and ex vitro adapted plants were unchanged, and no accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by staining with 3-3¢-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and 2¢,7¢-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA). Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) fingerprinting allowed for the identification of the major alterations in metabolome of V. caucasica plants during the process of ex situ conservation. Iridoid glucosides such as verproside, aucubin and catalpol were characteristic for in vitro cultivated plants, while in ex vitro acclimated plants phenolic acid–protocatechuic acid and caffeic acid appeared dominant. The successful initiation of in vitro and ex vitro cultures is an alternative biotechnological approach for the preservation of V. caucasica and would allow for further studies of the biosynthetic potential of the species and the selection of lines with a high content of pharmaceutically valuable molecules and nutraceuticals.

Exploring the Phytochemical Composition and Biological Potential of Balkan Endemic Species Stachys scardica Griseb

“…Benzyladenine has been successfully applied to increase the growth coefficient in other in vitro cultivated endemic species as well. In Achillea thracica and Veronica caucasica , 1 mg/L of BA stimulated growth under in vitro conditions, while in Verbascum eriophorum , 0.5 mg/L of BA stimulated the formation of 14.22 ± 0.2 shoots, without vitrification or callus formation being observed [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Panayotova et al [ 26 ] and Mantovska et al [ 11 ] reported the initiation of in vitro cultures of S. maritima and S. thracica where low seed germination was observed, but robust growth occurred on the medium without added growth regulators.…”

Differing In Vitro Rooting and Flowering Responses of the Persian Violet to Low and High UV-C Irradiation

“…In vitro root formation can occur either autonomously or by induction. While some explants do not require plant growth regulators for root regeneration, many depend on exogenous hormones to induce rooting [18,19]. The use of different radiation sources has recently made available new choices for rooting in in vitro explant culturing.…”