In vitro O2 fluxes compared with 14C production and other rate terms during the JGOFS Equatorial Pacific experiment

Bender, Michael L.; Orchardo, Joe; Dickson, Mary-Lynn; Barber, Richard T.; Lindley, Steven T.

doi:10.1016/s0967-0637(98)00080-6

Cited by 140 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…BP was a relatively low proportion of primary productivity (cruise averages of 10-22%; Ducklow et al 1995;Kirchman et al 1995). Using the 18 O isotope method, Bender et al (1999) showed that GPP varied from 1.9 to 2.6 times the concurrently measured rate of 14 C-PP. We used these field-derived relationships to set upper and lower bounds on the ratios of BP : 14 C-PP and GPP : 14 C-PP.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Contribution of picophytoplankton to carbon export in the equatorial Pacific: A reassessment of food web flux inferences from inverse models

Stukel

Landry

2010

Limnology & Oceanography

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The paradigm that carbon export is derived almost exclusively from the primary production of large phytoplankton has been challenged by inverse ecosystem modeling studies that suggest that most carbon export in the open ocean is fueled by picophytoplankton. To readdress this hypothesis, we use an inverse model to synthesize the planktonic rate measurements from a pair of recent cruises in the equatorial Pacific. The analysis based on this new experimental data, which crucially include vertically integrated taxon-specific production and grazing estimates, largely resolve the unexpected results of the previous inverse studies, including unbalanced growth and grazing processes and the dominance of production by picophytoplankton. While this very small size class does not produce the majority of phytoplankton carbon that is eventually exported to depth (only 23%, vs. 73% from a previous analysis of Joint Global Ocean Flux Study Equatorial Pacific data), our base model supports the conclusion that the role of picophytoplankton in vertical carbon flux is largely proportional to their contribution to net primary productivity (though neither is proportional to biomass). We show, however, that export-production proportionality is sensitive to the model representation of the detrital pool such that the relative export role of picophytoplankton declines substantially for an alternate model with size-structured detritus. A definitive assessment of the role of picoplankton in vertical carbon flux will thus require detailed experimental examination of the origin, composition, and fate of euphotic zone detrital material.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Contribution of picophytoplankton to carbon export in the equatorial Pacific: A reassessment of food web flux inferences from inverse models

Stukel

Landry

2010

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Yet, the problem of integrating from the daily time scales conforming the empirical base for this study to longer time scales should be best addressed by the use of alternative approaches, such as oxygen and carbon mass balances, which would-if in agreement with our results-strengthen the conclusions reached here. The use of alternative approaches to the use of in vitro oxygen fluxes to test the findings reported here is necessary because of possible changes in the rates during the incubations, although not detected here, which may lead to an overestimation of P (e.g., Bender et al 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

Evidence for a heterotrophic subtropical northeast Atlantic

Duarte

Agustı́

Arı́stegui

et al. 2001

Limnology & Oceanography

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Abstract-The mean (ϮSE) depth-integrated gross production (P) of 2,600 Ϯ 271 mg O 2 m Ϫ2 d Ϫ1 derived from a compilation of data from nine cruises conducted between 1991-2000 in the subtropical NE Atlantic was found to be significantly lower (t-test, P ϭ 0.005, N ϭ 33) than the mean (ϮSE) community respiration (R) of 3,821. Two-thirds of the stations investigated were heterotrophic, and the P/R ratio of the communities tended to increase as P increased, such that communities where P Ͻ 3,000 mg O 2 m Ϫ2 d Ϫ1 tended to be heterotrophic. The tendency for R to exceed P (P/R Ͻ 1.0) was statistically significant (Wilcoxon ranked sign test, P Ͻ 0.05) in the upper and deep layers of the photic zone, with an overall balance between P and R at intermediate depths. These results provide evidence that the subtropical NE Atlantic is a heterotrophic ecosystem, where planktonic communities respire more organic carbon than they produce, thereby acting as net sources of CO 2 .

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“…A property that can be determined rapidly with considerable precision using C uptake is net daily community particulate primary productivity (Richardson, 1991;Williams, 1993a, b). Disadvantages of this property (as determined by C uptake) are that it is only one component of photosynthetic production because it does not measure dissolved organic productivity (Williams, 1995;Hansell and Carlson, 1998) and it refers not to a single autotrophic process of phytoplankton, but to the net sum of a variety of autotrophic and heterotrophic processes carried out by a community of phytoplankton, bacteria and protozoans (Williams, 1981;Bender et al, 1987;Williams and Lefevre, 1996;Bender et al, 1999;Robinson and Williams, 1999;Laws et al, 2000;Dickson et al, 2001). Advantages of using net daily community particulate primary productivity (as determined by C uptake) are that it has a widely accepted operational de"nition (Peterson, 1980;Williams, 1993b); it has a strong and causal correlation to a variety of biological, chemical and geochemical processes of interest to oceanographers and geoscientists outside the subdiscipline of phytoplankton physiology (Suess, 1980;Pace et al, 1987;Iverson, 1990;Wassman, 1990;Bertrand and Lallier-Verges, 1993); and it covaries with the process captured in the Odum (1971) de"nition (Laws, 1991;Laws et al, 2000).…”

Section: Chlorophyll a And Other Pigmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%