In vitro selection of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) for polyethylene glycol (PEG) induced drought stress

Abstract

Drought is one of the main environmental factors affecting growth and yield of sorghum in arid and semi-arid areas of the world. In vitro selection of Sorghum bicolor for drought tolerance was undertaken by the use of somaclonal variation. The experiment was carried out with a collection of sixteen sorghum genotypes and tested in a completely randomized design. Data were recorded at five different PEG 6000 (polyethylene glycol) levels (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0% (w/v) treatments)) on coleoptile length (CL), root length (RL), shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), root number (RN) and statistically analyzed for significant differences. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes, treatments and their interactions for the evaluated plant traits suggesting a great amount of variability for drought tolerance in sorghum. In general, embryogenic callus induction and plantlet regeneration was found to be indirectly proportional to increased PEG concentrations. By taking into consideration all the measured traits, Mann Whitney rank sum test revealed that 76T1#23 and Teshale followed by Gambella-1107 and Melkam showed better drought stress tolerance while Chelenko appeared to be drought sensitive.

Wide‐ranging transcriptome remodelling mediated by alternative polyadenylation in response to abiotic stresses in Sorghum

“…Seeds of the Sorghum bicolor BTx623 genotype were surface sterilized with 20% bleach, rinsed with distilled water, and germinated on wet filter paper for 24 h. The seedlings were then transferred to culture tubes (two seedlings per tube) and were grown vertically on 0.5× Hoagland nutrient solution‐wetted 3 m filter paper bridge for an additional 7 days as described earlier (Abdel‐Ghany et al , ). On the 8th day, the solution was completely decanted and replaced with 5 ml of 0.5× Hoagland solution (control) or 5 ml of 20% PEG‐8000 (for drought treatment) (Lagerwerff et al , ; Smith et al , ; Dugas et al , ; Tsago et al , ) or 5 ml of 3% NaCl (for salinity treatment) in 0.5× Hoagland solution. For heat stress treatment, seedlings grown in 5 ml of 0.5× Hoagland solution, were transferred to a growth chamber that was set at 45°C.…”

IIn Vitro Selection of Four Soybean Genotypes using PEG for Drought Tolerance

“…Successful in vitro selection for drought tolerance using PEG has been reported for maize (Matheka, 2008), peanut (Rahayu and Sudarsono, 2015), sorghum (Tsago, 2014), banana (Bidabadi et al, 2012) and pelargonium (Hassanein, 2010). In vitro selection using PEG was also reported for several genotypes of soybean such as Tidar, B3731, and MSC8606 (Widoretno et al, 2003) and JS 335, Hardee (Indian cultivars), Collina and Korada (introduced in Bulgaria) (Sakthivelu et al, 2008).…”

In Vitro Selection of the Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) Accessions under the Polyethylene Glycol Mediated Drought Stress Conditions

“…Polyethlylene glycol (PEG-6000) can be used as drought stimulator as it is considered as nonpenetrable, harmless and best way to create the drought stress condition.The objectives of this study were to estimate the genetic variability and also determine the effect of Polyethylene glycol as drought stimulator in sunflower accessions. IN VITRO CULTURE-Thirty achenes of each selected drought tolerant and sensitive accession were sterilized following method proposed by [11], [12].Achenes without pericarp were surface sterilized in 70% ethanol for 3 minutes, soaked for 20 minutes in 5% sodium hypochlorite solution with 0.01% (v/v) tween-20 and rinsed five times in sterilized double distilled water.Half strength MS medium [13] was prepared. Seed culture-Three sterilized seeds of each accession were cultured in three test tubes per replication.…”

“…Callus culture-From two days old seedlings, three explants (leaf, stem and coleoptiles) of each accession per replication were used for callus culture. Total 50 petri plates of each accession were prepared using full strength MS medium [13] with prerequisite supplements for callus culture [11], [12] i.e. 1-Naphthly acetic acid (5.4 µM), Benzyl aminopurine (4.4 µM), KNO 3 (50 µM), Myoinositol (1 µM), Casein hydrolysate (5 µM) and 5.6 pH was maintained.…”