Inadequate cortical feature maps: A neural circuit theory of autism

Gustafsson, Lennart

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00141-8

Cited by 105 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…a Results are interpreted in line with evidence that wider minicolumns reflect decreased inhibition (Gustafsson, 1997b, Hensch, 2007. However, see the text for a full discussion of the interpretation of these findings.…”

Section: Cortical Minicolumnsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…It has therefore been postulated that reduced neuropil space would limit the effectiveness of this inhibitory 'sheath', and lead to reduced neural inhibition in ASD (Casanova, Buxhoeveden, & Gomez, 2003). However, in contrast to the suggestion that narrower minicolumns in ASD are associated with reduced inhibition, computational modelling work (Gustafsson, 1997b) and experimental studies in cats (Hensch, 2007), have shown that in fact narrower minicolumns could be associated with increased inhibition.…”

Section: Cortical Minicolumnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring neural excitation and inhibition in autism: Different approaches, different findings and different interpretations

2016

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The balance of neural excitation and inhibition (E/I balance) is often hypothesised to be altered in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). One widely held view is that excitation levels are elevated relative to inhibition in ASD. Understanding whether, and how, E/I balance may be altered in ASD is important given the recent interest in trialling pharmacological interventions for ASD which target inhibitory neurotransmitter function.Here we provide a critical review of evidence for E/I balance in ASD. We conclude that data from a number of domains provides support for alteration in excitation and inhibitory neurotransmission in ASD, but when considered collectively, the available literature provide little evidence to support claims for either a net increase in excitation or a net increase in inhibition. Strengths and limitations of available techniques are considered, and directions for future research discussed.3

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Section: Cortical Minicolumnsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Cortical Minicolumnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring neural excitation and inhibition in autism: Different approaches, different findings and different interpretations

2016

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“…minicolumns). Gustafsson proposed that stronger lateral connectivity between adjacent minicolumns could predict enhanced sensory discrimination of simple stimuli and impaired global perception (referred as to increased lateral inhibition (Gustafsson 1997)). Physiological support for his hypothesis has come from neuropathological studies showing an atypical distribution of interneurons in autism (Casanova et al 2003;Casanova 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intact Spectral but Abnormal Temporal Processing of Auditory Stimuli in Autism

Groen

Orsouw

Huurne

et al. 2009

J Autism Dev Disord

107

105

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The perceptual pattern in autism has been related to either a specific localized processing deficit or a pathway-independent, complexity-specific anomaly. We examined auditory perception in autism using an auditory disembedding task that required spectral and temporal integration. 23 children with high-functioning-autism and 23 matched controls participated. Participants were presented with two-syllable words embedded in various auditory backgrounds (pink noise, moving ripple, amplitude-modulated pink noise, amplitude-modulated moving ripple) to assess speech-in-noise-reception thresholds. The gain in signal perception of pink noise with temporal dips relative to pink noise without temporal dips was smaller in children with autism (p = 0.008). Thus, the autism group was less able to integrate auditory information present in temporal dips in background sound, supporting the complexity-specific perceptual account.

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“…Gustafsson has described autism as deficient self-organization of feature maps (Gustafsson, 1997). This characteristic is created within the model presented in this paper by the state of hypervigilant ART-based learning.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Theories Of Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural dynamics of autistic behaviors: Cognitive, emotional, and timing substrates.

Grossberg¹,

Seidman²

2006

Psychological Review

119

112

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What brain mechanisms underlie autism and how do they give rise to autistic behavioral symptoms? This article describes a neural model, called the iSTART model, which proposes how cognitive, emotional, timing, and motor processes may interact together to create and perpetuate autistic symptoms. These model processes were originally developed to explain data concerning how the brain controls normal behaviors. The iSTART model shows how autistic behavioral symptoms may arise from prescribed breakdowns in these brain processes.

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Inadequate cortical feature maps: A neural circuit theory of autism

Cited by 105 publications

References 8 publications

Measuring neural excitation and inhibition in autism: Different approaches, different findings and different interpretations

Measuring neural excitation and inhibition in autism: Different approaches, different findings and different interpretations

Intact Spectral but Abnormal Temporal Processing of Auditory Stimuli in Autism

Neural dynamics of autistic behaviors: Cognitive, emotional, and timing substrates.

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