Incidence and Severity of Ganoderma Rot Disease in Tropical Land-use Systems and Their Virulence to Palm Oil

Edy, Nur; Anshary, Alam; Basir-Cyio, Muhammad; Mahfudz, .; Lakani, Irwan; Kadir, Sabaruddin; Mahmud, Sumarniati

doi:10.3923/ppj.2020.98.105

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Earlier, Turner 29 observed that examinations of oil-palm estates in Malaya revealed that the frequency of Ganoderma infection of OPs was highest on newer plantings on previously borne coconut palms. The current DI and DS values were lower than those reported by Edy et al, 30 who found that Ganoderma from forest and rubber trees had lesser pathogenicity against OP seedlings. They reported that DI and DS values were 64.3% and 26.4%, respectively, at the OP plantation in Bukit Dua when compared to rubber plantation (DI=68.45; DS=34.8%) and Forest (DI=87.0%; DS=46.1%), while DI and DS values were 52.7% and 22.9%, respectively, at the OP plantation in Harapan rainforest when compared to rubber plantation (DI=60.8; DS=32.1%) and Forest (DI=83.0; DS=64.3%).…”

Section: Incidence Of Disease (Id) and Disease Severity (Ds) Of Ganod...contrasting

confidence: 84%

Untitled

2022

MOJES

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The present study aimed to test the efficiency of Hendersonia GanoEF biofertilizer against Ganoderma disease in the seedlings of oil palm (OP) Elaeis guineensis, and was carried out from February 2020 -January 2021 in Pulo Mandi Garden Nursery, at Medan, Indonesia. Experimental set up followed a completely randomized design with four treatments. Observation results showed that the percentage of root colonization by Hendersonia sp. in OP roots reached an average of 70.6% in the treatment with Ganoderma inoculation, and an average of 69.6% in the treatment without Ganoderma inoculation. The GanoEF treatment provided higher growth of seedlings and faster growth of bowl diameter when the seedlings were 9 months old. Three instances of GanoEF application had high potential to inhibit the development of Ganoderma on OP seedlings. Endophytic fungi Hendersonia sp. was capable of symbiosis with OP roots with a colonization rate reaching 70.6%. Disease incidence or percentage of plants infected with Ganoderma in GanoEF treatment reached 20.4% which was significantly (P<0.05) lower than under the control treatment (44.2%). Meanwhile, the level of severity of Ganoderma disease in seedlings with GanoEF treatment reached 5.23% which was significantly (P<0.05) lower than the control treatment (11.1%). The efficacy of Hendersonia GanoEF as a biocontrol method for the OP pathogen G. boninense to control the basal stem rot of E. guineensis seedlings was well proven in this field study.

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Section: Incidence Of Disease (Id) and Disease Severity (Ds) Of Ganod...contrasting

confidence: 84%

Untitled

2022

MOJES

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“…Selain kelapa sawit, Ganoderma sp. juga dilaporkan menginfeksi tanaman hutan dan karet (Edy et al, 2020). Hasil penelitian Susanto et al, (2009) berhasil mengoleksi isolat Ganoderma dari kelapa sawit, kelapa, pinang, enau, dan tanaman hutan, yang kemudian mampu menginfeksi bibit kelapa sawit setelah 9 bulan diinokulasikan.…”

Section: Sejarah Penggunaan Lahan Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Kejadian ...unclassified

Kejadian Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang Pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Menjelang Tanam Ulang Di Sumatra Utara Bagian Barat

Wijayanti,

Eko Prasetyo,

Priwiratama

et al. 2024

war

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Sumatra Utara merupakan salah satu penghasil kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) dengan produktivitas yang tinggi di Indonesia. Penyakit utama yang menjadi kendala dalam budidaya kelapa sawit di Sumatra Utara adalah penyakit busuk pangkal batang (BPB) yang disebabkan oleh Ganoderma boninense. Informasi mengenai tingkat kejadian penyakit BPB pada tanaman remaja hingga renta di lapangan diperlukan untuk mengetahui strategi pengendalian yang tepat serta mencegah penyebaran penyakit BPB. Sensus kejadian penyakit dilakukan pada 25 kebun di delapan Kabupaten di Sumatra Utara pada tahun 2021 hingga 2023. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa kejadian penyakit BPB termasuk ke dalam kategori sedang hingga sangat berat. Secara umum, kejadian penyakit yang tinggi terjadi pada areal generasi II dan III. Kejadian penyakit BPB tertinggi terjadi pada areal generasi II di Kecamatan Jawa Maraja Bah Jambi, Kabupaten Simalungun sebesar 86,9%. Sejarah penggunaan lahan juga mempengaruhi kejadian penyakit BPB. Kejadian penyakit BPB lebih tinggi pada areal ex kelapa sawit dibandingkan dengan areal hasil konversi dari kakao dan karet, dengan rerata kejadian penyakit sebesar 48,29%, 23,55%, dan 20,15% secara berurutan. Pada lokasi generasi II dan III, kejadian penyakit BPB yang berat sudah terjadi pada tanaman remaja hingga dewasa, sehingga kegiatan tanam ulang mengalami percepatan. Kasus paling ekstrem terjadi di Kabupaten Asahan yang menyebabkan penanaman ulang harus dilakukan pada kategori tanaman remaja berumur 9 tahun.

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“…The plants were observed at 40, 60, and 90 days after inoculation, and disease incidence was calculated according to Equation (1). Each treatment had 10 plants [41].…”

Section: Disease Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

High-Density Chitosan Induces a Biochemical and Molecular Response in Coffea arabica during Infection with Hemileia vastatrix

López-Velázquez,

García-Morales,

López-Sánchez

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The coffee industry faces coffee leaf rust caused by Hemileia vastratix, which is considered the most devastating disease of the crop, as it reduces the photosynthetic rate and limits productivity. The use of plant resistance inducers, such as chitosan, is an alternative for the control of the disease by inducing the synthesis of phytoalexins, as well as the activation of resistance genes. Previously, the effect of chitosan from different sources and physicochemical properties was studied; however, its mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated. In this work, the ability of food-grade high-density chitosan (0.01% and 0.05%) to control the infection caused by the pathogen was evaluated. Subsequently, the effect of high-density chitosan (0.05%) on the induction of pathogenesis-related gene expression (GLUC, POX, PAL, NPR1, and CAT), the enzymatic activity of pathogenesis-related proteins (GLUC, POX, SOD, PPO, and APX), and phytoalexin production were evaluated. The results showed that 0.05% chitosan increased the activity and gene expression of ß-1,3 glucanases and induced a differentiated response in enzymes related to the antioxidant system of plants. In addition, a correlation was observed between the activities of polyphenol oxidase and the production of phytoalexin, which allowed an effective defense response in coffee plants.

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Incidence and Severity of Ganoderma Rot Disease in Tropical Land-use Systems and Their Virulence to Palm Oil

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Untitled

Untitled

Kejadian Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang Pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Menjelang Tanam Ulang Di Sumatra Utara Bagian Barat

High-Density Chitosan Induces a Biochemical and Molecular Response in Coffea arabica during Infection with Hemileia vastatrix

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