Incidência de infecção pelo hiv e mortalidade por aids em adolescentes no Brasil / Incidence of hiv infection and aids mortality in adolescents in Brazil

Abstract

Introdução: Embora tenha se estabilizado nos últimos anos, a infecção pelo HIV tem tido notificações crescentes na adolescência, possivelmente devido à descoberta da sexualidade, à multiplicidade de parceiros e ao baixo uso de preservativos serem mais

Perfil epidemiológico de adolescentes vivendo com HIV/AIDS no Espírito Santo, Brasil: um estudo transversal

“…This age group was the only one to show an increase in detection rates among males and, in 2020, had a higher detection rate than females4. This epidemiological profile has also been found in other studies, and the main route of HIV transmission among adolescents over 16 years old was unprotected sexual intercourse 1,4,7,8,11,12 .…”

“…One of the explanations found in the literature is that older adolescents tend to have more partners, successive or simultaneous, and get involved in unstable relationships, where sexual relations are not always protected 3,7,12 . As additional elements, one can consider the lack of knowledge and disbelief in the use of condoms 3,7 ; the recognition of being invulnerable, even after unprotected sexual relations 3,12 ; and the inconsistency between discourse and practice of HIV/AIDS prevention 3,[12][13][14][15][16] .…”

“…In Brazil, antiretroviral drugs are distributed free of charge 9 . However, more than having access to medication, it is crucial that bonds be built among professionals, adolescents, and families to obtain safety and commitment to continued treatment to ensure a better quality of life for this adolescents 7 .…”

“…Furthermore, advances in diagnostic and therapeutic technologies, which have impacted child and adolescent morbidity and mortality, have allowed children infected by mother-to-child transmission in the past decade to be treated as adolescents, as well as new cases of adolescents infected by HIV through other transmissions routes 4,[7][8][9][10] . Therefore, there is a trend toward juvenilization of the infected population, and this population needs to be included in epidemiological research studies 2,3,[8][9][10] .…”