Incorporating ifosfamide into salvia oil-based nanoemulsion diminishes its nephrotoxicity in mice inoculated with tumor

Abstract

<span style="color: #1f497d;">Introduction: Nephrotoxicity is one of the major side effects of the chemotherapeutic drug, ifosfamide (IFO). In this study, IFO was solubilized in nanoemulsion (NE) containing salvia (SAL) essential oil to investigate its adverse side effects in mice. <br /> <span style="color: #1f497d;">Methods: One hundred female Swiss albino mice (n = 20/group) were split into five groups. Group I (Normal) received saline solution (0.9% (w/v) NaCl) while groups II-V were intraperitoneally (I.P.) injected with 2.5 × 106 Ehrlich ascetic carcinoma (EAC) cells/mouse. Group II (EAC) represented the untreated EAC-bearing mice. Group III (IFO) was treated with IFO at a dose of 60 mg/kg/d (I.P. 0.3 mL/mouse). Group IV (SAL) was treated with 0.3 mL blank NE-based SAL oil/mouse. Group V (SAL-IFO) was treated with IFO, loaded in 0.3 mL of blank SAL-NE, at a dose of 60 mg/kg/d (I.P. 0.3 mL/mouse). Groups III-V were treated for three consecutive days. <br /> <span style="color: #1f497d;">Results: There was a double increase in the survival percentage of the SAL-IFO group (60%) relative to the IFO group (30%). Renal damage with the presence of Fanconi syndrome was indicated in the IFO group through a significant elevation in the levels of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urine bicarbonate, and phosphate in addition to a reduced level of glucose compared to the normal group. On the other hand, the administration of SAL-IFO into the mice reversed this effect. Additionally, the oxidative stress in the kidney tissues of the SAL-IFO group was ameliorated when compared to the IFO group. <br /> <span style="color: #1f497d;">Conclusion: Incorporating IFO into SAL-NE has protected the kidneys from the damage induced by IFO.

Effect of Salvia officinalis and S. sclarea on rats with a high-fat hypercaloric diet

“…Extracts of S. sclarea also demonstrated cytotoxic activity to various degrees depending on the type of cell line (Fiore et al, 2006). The results confirmed that Salvia may be considered as a natural source of potential antitumor agents (AlMotwaa et al, 2020).…”

Gemcitabine-Loaded Nanocarrier of Essential Oil from Pulicaria crispa: Preparation, Optimization, and In Vitro Evaluation of Anticancer Activity

“…Nanoemulsions (NEs), nanosized emulsions that are smaller than hundreds of nanometers in size, are applied in different areas such as cosmetics, food, and pharmaceuticals [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. They have attractive characteristics, including high absorption rates and large surface area per unit volume.…”

Rosemary oil nano-emulsion potentiates the apoptotic effect of mitomycin C on cancer cells in vitro

“…However, the clinical uses and efficacy of MC are extensively limited on account of its toxicity in normal cells (Ozerhan et al 2016;Urkan et al 2017). Combination chemotherapy has been extensively used, and it is considered as one of the promising strategies for combating several types of cancer (Alkhatib et al 2018;AlMotwaa et al 2020). It has advantages in that the multiple drug therapy targets multiple signal transduction pathways in cancer cells, while a single chemotherapeutic agent is utilized as an inhibitor for only one signal transduction route.…”

“…These problems may be solved using nano-delivery systems due to their ability to encapsulate various types of drugs and to synergize their pharmacokinetic properties (Arpagaus 2019;Elmowafy et al 2019). Nano-emulsion (NE) systems have specific features that make them quite attractive as promising nano-delivery systems (Karami et al 2019;Chevalier and Bolzinger 2019;AlMotwaa et al 2020;Al-Otaibi et al). They are colloidal dispersions composed of an oil phase, an aqueous phase and a mixture of surfactant and co-surfactant with droplet diameters typically in the range of 10 to 100 nm (Sutradhar and Amin 2013).…”