“…Semiotic Onion (SO): The majority of the authors used the SO to identify the informal, formal and technical norms, and to represent and comprehend the information systems, the rules and stakeholders' needs [15,16,18,19,21,26,29,30,45,46,49]. For instance, SO helped to identify socio-technical barriers that arise in the domain of integrated digital television (iDTV) [12].…”