“…stereospecific transport system moves Tyr-MIF-1 across the blood-brain barrier from brain to blood (Banks and Kastin, 1984;Banks et al ., 1986Banks et al ., , 1987Banks et al ., , 1990 but not blood to brain (Barrera et al, 1989;Banks and Kastin, 1994) . In blood, concentrations of Tyr-MIF-1 are increased by adrenalectomy and especially hypophysectomy (Kastin and Dickson, 1987;Kastin et al ., 1995), but hypophysectomy does not seem to affect the transport of Tyr-MIF-1 from the CNS (authors' unpublished data) . Tyr-MIF-1 can also decrease protein kinase A activity (Zhang et al ., 1992) .…”