Increased expression of the CD45RO (memory) antigen on T cells in HIV-infected children

Froebel, K; Doherty, Kathleen; Whitelaw, James; Hague, R. A.; Mok, Jacqueline; Bird, A. G.

doi:10.1097/00002030-199101000-00015

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…A considerable percentage of the CD8 cells displayed both CD45RA and CD45R0, indicating that they were in a transitional state. The proportion of CD8+ cells expressing CD45RO was higher in the present study, in which all of the children tested had HIV-related symptoms, than in the study of Froebel et al (18) in which most of the HIV+ children were asymptomatic.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

“…The proportion of CD4+ or CD8+ cells which express CD45RO increases in normal children with age (29). Similar to adult HIV-infected individuals (13), in seropositive children an increased proportion of CD8 cells are ~~4 5~0~ (18) and CD45RA- (19). In HIV-infected children tested in the present study, practically all of the CD8+ cells were CD45ROt, whereas the proportion of CD8+CD45RA+ was decreased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies have addressed the changes taking place in the immune system of children infected perinatally with HIV-1 (17)(18)(19)(20). In previous studies of this laboratory various aspects of activation of the CDS+ T cell population were studied in adult HIV-infected individuals (10,11,13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Expression of Activation Markers on CD8 Lymphocytes in Children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infection

et al. 1995

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Expression of Activation Markers on CD8 Lymphocytes in Children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infection

et al. 1995

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“…HIV-speciflc CTL activity CTL activity against HlV-gag, tat, pal and env is shown in Figs I and 2 for HIV-infected (nos 1-9) and uninfected (nos [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] children, respectively. Results are presented as the per cent specific lysis net of medium and vaccinia controls, with values greater than 10% above controls being regarded as positive.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and CD8 subpopulations in children at risk of HIV infection

Aldhous

Watret²,

Mok

et al. 1994

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYHIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are thought to play a major role in viral control in HIV-infected adults. Changes in the relative proportions of CDS lymphocyte subpopulations are also thought to be associated with disease progression. Less is known about the relative effectiveness of CTL against different HIV targets, or about the relationship, if any. between CTL activity and CDS subpopuiations. We have measured CTL activity against four HIV gene products (gag. tat. pal and en\) and expression of CD45RO, CD45RA. HLA-DR, CD29. S6F1, and CD57 surface markers on CDS cells from nine HIV-infected and 11 HIV-uninfected children. Of nine HIV-infected children, six showed antigen-specific CTL activity on at least one occasion: 4/6 directed against tat, 6/6 against pol, 1/6 against env, and 1/6 against gag. However, the specificity of the CTL activity varied between children and within individual children with time. Furthermore, two uninfected children showed CTL activity, one to HW-gag. -pot and -tat. and the other to HW-pot. All the HIV-infected and two uninfected children had abnormal proportions of CDS subpopulations in whole blood compared with age-matched controls. There was no correlation between CTL activity and CDS subsets in whole blood. Five children changed from CTL-positive to CTL-negative (or vice versa) during the study. In these, the occasions when CTL activity was detected coincided with an increase in CDS cells, an expansion of HLA-DR^ CD8 cells and a loss of CD45RA ' CDS cells.

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“…1,2 Although infants of HIV-positive mothers are rarely HIVinfected, they may have been exposed to HIV proteins or even HIV particles during fetal life, as indicated by the presence of HIV-specific T cells, immune activation, and positive HIV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) found in HIV-exposed infants. [3][4][5][6][7] Thus, a recent study demonstrated high frequencies of HIV-specific CD4 ϩ cells and a lower frequency of HIV-specific CD8 ϩ cells, indicating transplacental diffusion of HIV-soluble proteins. 8 HIV particles as well as HIV proteins are known to inhibit progenitor cell function and to cause progenitor cell apoptosis which, in turn, would lead to both hematologic and immunologic deficiencies in the infants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired progenitor cell function in HIV-negative infants of HIV-positive mothers results in decreased thymic output and low CD4 counts

Nielsen

Jeppesen

Kolte

et al. 2001

Blood

120

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Hematologic and immunologic functions were examined in 19 HIV-negative infants of HIV-positive mothers and 19 control infants of HIV-negative mothers. Control infants were selected to match for gestational age, weight, and mode of delivery. Cord blood was obtained from all infants and used for flow cytometric determination of lymphocyte subsets, including the naive CD4 count. Furthermore, to determine thymic output, cord blood mononuclear cells were used for determination of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs). Evaluation of progenitor cell function was IntroductionVertical transmission of HIV from an HIV-positive mother to her infant occurs in 15% to 25% of pregnancies if no precautions are taken. However, the risk of vertical transmission of HIV has been dramatically reduced with the introduction of antiretroviral treatment in combination with delivery by elective cesarean section and avoidance of breastfeeding. 1,2 Although infants of HIV-positive mothers are rarely HIVinfected, they may have been exposed to HIV proteins or even HIV particles during fetal life, as indicated by the presence of HIV-specific T cells, immune activation, and positive HIV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) found in HIV-exposed infants. [3][4][5][6][7] Thus, a recent study demonstrated high frequencies of HIV-specific CD4 ϩ cells and a lower frequency of HIV-specific CD8 ϩ cells, indicating transplacental diffusion of HIV-soluble proteins. 8 HIV particles as well as HIV proteins are known to inhibit progenitor cell function and to cause progenitor cell apoptosis which, in turn, would lead to both hematologic and immunologic deficiencies in the infants. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Furthermore, cytokine imbalance between Th1-and Th2-type cytokines has been suggested in HIV-positive individuals. [19][20][21] Such an imbalance in pregnant HIV-positive women might also cause cytokine imbalance in the fetus, resulting in immunologic deficiencies. Finally, pregnant HIV-positive women are commonly treated with antiretroviral therapy including zidovudine (AZT), and AZT is known to inhibit bone marrow functions. 22 The present study was conducted to determine if HIV-negative infants of HIV-positive mothers have immune deficiencies as determined by CD4 and CD8 counts in cord blood. Furthermore, thymic output was evaluated by determination of CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ cells with naive phenotype (coexpression of CD45RA) and determination of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs). Evidence of reduced thymic output was found and, to determine if impaired progenitor cell function might contribute to this, colony-forming cell (CFC) assays were performed to examine the function of myeloid progenitors, and fetal thymic organ cultures (FTOCs) were done to examine the function of T-cell progenitors. Recently, correlation between lymphocyte proliferation and expression of the early activation marker CD69 has been shown. 23,24 To determine if immune activation in infants of HIV-positive mothers might contribute to the lower level of naive CD4 ϩ cel...

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Increased expression of the CD45RO (memory) antigen on T cells in HIV-infected children

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Increased Expression of Activation Markers on CD8 Lymphocytes in Children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infection

Increased Expression of Activation Markers on CD8 Lymphocytes in Children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infection

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and CD8 subpopulations in children at risk of HIV infection

Impaired progenitor cell function in HIV-negative infants of HIV-positive mothers results in decreased thymic output and low CD4 counts

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