Increased Intradermal Probing Time in Sporozoite-Infected Mosquitoes

Rossignol, Philippe A.; Ribeiro, José M. C.; Spielman, Andrew

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1984.33.17

Cited by 221 publications

(158 citation statements)

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“…The distal region of the lateral lobes is necessary for mosquito blood feeding. The apyrase, synthesized and accumulated in the female-specific region of the gland, has been related to inhibition of the platelet aggregation, which facilitates blood ingestion by the mosquitoes 21,38 . This enzyme is secreted by the salivary glands only during blood feeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary gland proteins of the human malaria vector, Anopheles dirus B (Diptera: Culicidae)

Jariyapan

Choochote

Jitpakdi

et al. 2007

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYSalivary gland proteins of the human malaria vector, Anopheles dirus B were determined and analyzed. The amount of salivary gland proteins in mosquitoes aged between 3 -10 days was approximately 1.08 ± 0.04 µg/female and 0.1 ± 0.05 µg/male. The salivary glands of both sexes displayed the same morphological organization as that of other anopheline mosquitoes. In females, apyrase accumulated in the distal regions, whereas alpha-glucosidase was found in the proximal region of the lateral lobes. This differential distribution of the analyzed enzymes reflects specialization of different regions for sugar and blood feeding. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that at least seven major proteins were found in the female salivary glands, of which each morphological region contained different major proteins. Similar electrophoretic protein profiles were detected comparing unfed and blood-fed mosquitoes, suggesting that there is no specific protein induced by blood. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel analysis showed the most abundant salivary gland protein, with a molecular mass of approximately 35 kilodaltons and an isoelectric point of approximately 4.0. These results provide basic information that would lead to further study on the role of salivary proteins of An. dirus B in disease transmission and hematophagy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary gland proteins of the human malaria vector, Anopheles dirus B (Diptera: Culicidae)

Jariyapan

Choochote

Jitpakdi

et al. 2007

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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show abstract

“…In our study, 2-D DIGE was used to reveal mainly soluble proteins in relatively high abundance and in a specific pH range (i.e. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Under these restrictions, 35 protein spots were detected as being differentially expressed (Table S2, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Analysis Of Gelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…manipulate the behaviour of their mosquito vectors, Anopheles spp. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. In this system, the altered behaviour often takes place when sporozoites have invaded the salivary glands, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria Plasmodium agent induces alteration in the head proteome of their Anopheles mosquito host

et al. 2007

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Despite increasing evidence of behavioural manipulation of their vectors by pathogens, the underlying mechanisms causing infected vectors to act in ways that benefit pathogen transmission remain enigmatic in most cases. Here, 2-D DIGE coupled with MS were employed to analyse and compare the head proteome of mosquitoes (Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (Giles)) infected with the malarial parasite (Plasmodium berghei) with that of uninfected mosquitoes. This approach detected altered levels of 12 protein spots in the head of mosquitoes infected with sporozoites. These proteins were subsequently identified using MS and functionally classified as belonging to metabolic, synaptic, molecular chaperone, signalling, and cytoskeletal groups. Our results indicate an altered energy metabolism in the head of sporozoite-infected mosquitoes. Some of the up-/down-regulated proteins identified, such as synapse-associated protein, 14-3-3 protein and calmodulin, have previously been shown to play critical roles in the CNS of both invertebrates and vertebrates. Furthermore, a heat shock response (HSP 20) and a variation of cytoarchitecture (tropomyosins) have been shown. Discovery of these proteins sheds light on potential molecular mechanisms that underlie behavioural modifications and offers new insights into the study of intimate interactions between Plasmodium and its Anopheles vector.

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“…Sporozoite-infected mosquitoes probe a bloodmeal host more often than uninfected ones, and also spend more time probing (Rossignol et al 1984(Rossignol et al , 1986Wekesa et al 1992). A proposed explanation was that sporozoite-infected salivary glands produce less apyrase (a platelet aggregation inhibitor) than do uninfected glands (Rossignol et al 1984).…”

Section: Fitness Costs and Evolution Of Malaria Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A proposed explanation was that sporozoite-infected salivary glands produce less apyrase (a platelet aggregation inhibitor) than do uninfected glands (Rossignol et al 1984). Moreover, mosquitoes in nature positive for P. falciparum circumsporozoite protein (i.e., probably bearing sporozoites) bite more people per night than uninfected mosquitoes (Koella et al 1998).…”

Section: Fitness Costs and Evolution Of Malaria Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%