Increased Levels of Circulating Interleukin 6, Interleukin 8, C-Reactive Protein, and Risk of Lung Cancer

Pine, Sharon R.; Mechanic, Leah E.; Enewold, Lindsey; Chaturvedi, Anil K.; Katki, Hormuzd A.; Zheng, Yun‐Ling; Bowman, Elise D.; Engels, Eric A.; Caporaso, Neil E.; Harris, Curtis C.

doi:10.1093/jnci/djr216

Cited by 279 publications

(258 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…SNPs located in the promoter region of IL-6 can alter gene transcription, thereby affecting the serum level of the cytokine. A cytosine-to-guanine mutation in IL-6 at position -174 has been identified and the G allele has been confirmed to be related to multiple diseases, including cancer (Pine et al, 2011) Several studies have indicated that IL-6 level is related to lung cancer prognosis (Cox et al, 2001). However, to our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the association between the IL-6 -174G/C gene polymorphism in the promoter region and NSCLC prognosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Correlation analysis between an IL-6 genetic polymorphism and non-small cell lung cancer prognosis

Zhao

Tian

2016

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that is involved in tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) -174G/C in IL-6 on the prognosis and pain tolerance of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 434 patients with NSCLC, which was diagnosed by cytology or histology. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect the IL-6 -174G/C genotypes and their correlation with survival was analyzed. The IL-6 -174G/C genotypes were high IL-6 production type (G carriers -GG or GC genotypes) and low IL-6 production type (CC genotype). The correlation between the IL-6 SNP and pain level/analgesic use was also analyzed. Survival analysis showed that patients carrying the G allele (CG/GG) had a shorter survival time than patients with the CC genotype. The -174G/C SNP is in the promoter region of the IL-6 gene and may be associated with changes in gene transcription and serum cytokine levels. Presence of the IL-6 -174G/C SNP is significantly correlated with morphine equivalent daily dose. Patients with the CC genotype needed a higher opioid dose than patients with the GG or GC genotypes. In conclusion, we found that the IL-6 -174G/C SNP is closely related to survival, analgesic use and pain tolerance in NSCLC patients. However, it is necessary to further validate the results with a larger patient cohort and elucidate the mechanisms of this SNP. Link to retraction noticed R E T R A C T I O N

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Correlation analysis between an IL-6 genetic polymorphism and non-small cell lung cancer prognosis

Zhao

Tian

2016

Genet. Mol. Res.

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“…Immunologic studies suggest that the downstream kynurenines may serve as a feedback of TH1 cell suppression and enhance TH2 response (24). Indeed, inflammation biomarkers have previously been strongly associated with lung cancer risk, indicating that inflammatory processes may be important in early lung cancer pathogenesis (28,29). It would be useful to obtain measurement of inflammation biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein, to further evaluate whether these associations are linked to inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Biomarkers of Tryptophan and the Kynurenine Pathway and Lung Cancer Risk

Chuang

Fanidi

Ueland

et al. 2014

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: Imbalances in tryptophan metabolism have been linked to cancer-related immune escape and implicated in several cancers, including lung cancer.Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) that included 893 incident lung cancer cases and 1,748 matched controls. Circulating levels of tryptophan and six of its metabolites were measured and evaluated in relation to lung cancer risk.Results: Tryptophan (P trend ¼ 2 Â 10

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“…Among them, most case-control studies have shown a higher cancer risk in people with elevated CRP levels (Gunter et al, 2006;Helzlsouer et al, 2006;Otani et al, 2006;Aleksandrova et al, 2010;Chaturvedi et al, 2010;Lee et al, 2011;Pine et al, 2011), while, the findings from prospective cohort studies have been inconsistent (Il'Yasova et al, 2005;Zhang et al, 2005;Siemes et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2007;Allin et al, 2009;Heikkila et al, 2009;Pierce et al, 2009;Dos et al, 2010;Prizment et al, 2011;Van et al, 2011).…”

Section: Association Between C-reactive Protein and Risk Of Cancer: Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between C-reactive Protein and Risk of Cancer: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Guo

Pan²,

Du³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

128

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Increased Levels of Circulating Interleukin 6, Interleukin 8, C-Reactive Protein, and Risk of Lung Cancer

Abstract: Although increased levels of both serum IL-6 and IL-8 are associated with lung cancer, only IL-8 levels are associated with lung cancer risk several years before diagnosis. Combination of IL-8 and CRP are more robust biomarkers than either marker alone in predicting subsequent lung cancer.

Cited by 279 publications

References 39 publications

Correlation analysis between an IL-6 genetic polymorphism and non-small cell lung cancer prognosis

Correlation analysis between an IL-6 genetic polymorphism and non-small cell lung cancer prognosis

Circulating Biomarkers of Tryptophan and the Kynurenine Pathway and Lung Cancer Risk

Association Between C-reactive Protein and Risk of Cancer: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

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