Increased Plasma Heparanase Activity in COVID-19 Patients

Buijsers, Baranca; Yanginlar, Cansu; Nooijer, Aline H. de; Grondman, Inge; Maciej-Hulme, Marissa L.; Jonkman, Inge; Janssen, Nico; Rother, Nils; Graaf, Mark de; Pickkers, Peter; Kox, Matthijs; Joosten, Leo A. B.; Nijenhuis, Tom; Netea, Mihai G.; Hilbrands, Luuk B.; Veerdonk, Frank L. van de; Duivenvoorden, Raphaël; Mast, Quirijn de; Vlag, Johan van der

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.575047

Cited by 114 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

115

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As shown in Table 2 , a total of 16 studies were included for the title and abstract screening, and 2 studies were excluded due to duplicates. After a total of 11 studies were not deemed eligible for full-text review, 6 reports [ 3 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 ] were included in the review. Figure 14 presents a flowchart depicting the selection process.…”

Section: Literature Search Results For Veglx In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Damage in COVID-19

Yamaoka‐Tojo

2020

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The new coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), which is spreading around the world and threatening people, is easily infecting a large number of people through airborne droplets; moreover, patients with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease are more likely to experience severe conditions. Vascular endothelial dysfunction has been suggested as a common feature of high-risk patients prone to severe COVID-19, and measurement of vascular endothelial function may be recommended for predicting severe conditions in high-risk patients with COVID-19. However, fragmented vascular endothelial glycocalyx (VEGLX) is elevated in COVID-19 patients, suggesting that it may be useful as a prognostic indicator. Although the relationship between VEGLX and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections has not been well studied, some investigations into COVID-19 have clarified the relationship between VEGLX and the mechanism that leads to severe conditions. Clarifying the usefulness of VEGLX assessment as a predictive indicator of the development of severe complications is important as a strategy for confronting pandemics caused by new viruses with a high affinity for the vascular endothelium that may recur in the future.

show abstract

Section: Literature Search Results For Veglx In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Damage in COVID-19

Yamaoka‐Tojo

2020

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is known, that inflammatory conditions lead to severe glycocalyx modulations, including the shedding of its components like HS, chondroitin sulfate or syndecan and glypican core proteins with attached GAGs ( 52 ). Recent reports suggest enhanced heparanase activity in more severe COVID-19 disease ( 53 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycocalyx as Possible Limiting Factor in COVID-19

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Treatment of EC with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), which serves as an alternative substrate for heparanase and thus acts as a dose-dependent heparanase inhibitor, prevented glycocalyx perturbation induced by plasma from COVID-19 patients [ 82 ]. Interestingly, heparanase activity was significantly lower in patients with prophylactic low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) treatment [ 83 ]. Therefore it would be quite conceivable, that the 40% lower risk of death in patients receiving LMWH or unfractionated heparin, which was recently reported by an Italian multicenter study, is partly due to the protection of the eGC [ 84 ].…”

Section: Covid-19 Is An Endothelial Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 is a systemic vascular hemopathy: insight for mechanistic and clinical aspects

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is presenting as a systemic disease associated with vascular inflammation and endothelial injury. Severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection induce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and there is still an ongoing debate on whether COVID-19 ARDS and its perfusion defect differs from ARDS induced by other causes. Beside pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as interleukin-1 β [IL-1β] or IL-6), several main pathological phenomena have been seen because of endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction: hypercoagulation reflected by fibrin degradation products called D-dimers, micro- and macrothrombosis and pathological angiogenesis. Direct endothelial infection by SARS-CoV-2 is not likely to occur and ACE-2 expression by EC is a matter of debate. Indeed, endothelial damage reported in severely ill patients with COVID-19 could be more likely secondary to infection of neighboring cells and/or a consequence of inflammation. Endotheliopathy could give rise to hypercoagulation by alteration in the levels of different factors such as von Willebrand factor. Other than thrombotic events, pathological angiogenesis is among the recent findings. Overexpression of different proangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) or placental growth factors (PlGF) have been found in plasma or lung biopsies of COVID-19 patients. Finally, SARS-CoV-2 infection induces an emergency myelopoiesis associated to deregulated immunity and mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells, leading to features of acquired hematological malignancies or cardiovascular disease, which are discussed in this review. Altogether, this review will try to elucidate the pathophysiology of thrombotic complications, pathological angiogenesis and EC dysfunction, allowing better insight in new targets and antithrombotic protocols to better address vascular system dysfunction. Since treating SARS-CoV-2 infection and its potential long-term effects involves targeting the vascular compartment and/or mobilization of immature immune cells, we propose to define COVID-19 and its complications as a systemic vascular acquired hemopathy.

show abstract

Increased Plasma Heparanase Activity in COVID-19 Patients

Cited by 114 publications

References 59 publications

Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Damage in COVID-19

Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Damage in COVID-19

Glycocalyx as Possible Limiting Factor in COVID-19

COVID-19 is a systemic vascular hemopathy: insight for mechanistic and clinical aspects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About