Increasing Lemongrass Herb Yield and Quality Through Nitrogen Addition

Abstract

<p>ABSTRACT<br />The role of nitrogen in the process of photosynthesis is very important. It affects the growth, development and yield, especially leaves. Lemon grass produces citronella oil that contained in the leaves. One of the efforts to increase leaves yield is by application of N fertilizer. The aims of this research were to obtain optimal N dosage to improve herbage yield and quality of lemon grass. The research was conducted in Manoko Research Station, Lembang West Java from April - December2014. Using randomized block design, with 4 replicates and 6 treatments. The treatments consisted of 0; 2,3; 4,6; 6,9; 9,2 and 11,5 g N/plant. Lemon grass used from G3 accession. Parameters observed included plant growth (height and number of tillers), yield (fresh and dry herbs weight, and oil yield), and quality (yield, oil and citronella content). The results showed that N application significantly increased the growth, yield, and quality of lemon grass. Application of 4,6 g N/plant of N was optimum dosage for plant height and tiller number, total yield of herbage fresh weight (2904.46 g/plant) and leaves dry weight (1574.83 g/plant), yield (1.55%), oil content (2.06%), citronella content (41.59%). The best yield of citronella was obtained from aplplication of 6,9 g N/plant.<br />Keywords: Cymbopogon nardus L., nitrogen, yield, citronella content</p><p> </p><p>PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI HERBA DAN MUTU SERAI WANGI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN NITROGEN</p><p>ABSTRAK<br />Peranan nitrogen dalam proses fotosintesis sangat penting antara lain berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan, perkembangan dan produksi daun tanaman. Tanaman serai wangi merupakan tanaman yang menghasilkan minyak sitronela yang terdapat di dalam daun. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi daun adalah dengan penambahan nitrogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh dosis N optimal dalam meningkatkan produksi herba dan mutu sitronela pada serai wangi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapang yang dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Manoko, Lembang Jawa Barat dari bulan April – Desember 2014. Rancangan yang digunakan rancangan acak kelompok, dengan 4 ulangan dan 6 perlakuan. Perlakuan pupuk N dengan dosis 0; 2,3; 4,6; 6,9; 9,2 dan 11,5 g/tan. Tanaman serai wangi yang digunakan dari aksesi G3. Pengamatan meliputi pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi dan jumlah anakan), produksi (bobot segar dan kering herba), dan mutu (rendemen, kadar sitronela, dan hasil minyak). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian N berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan, produksi, dan mutu serai wangi. Nitrogen dengan dosis 4,6 g/tanaman merupakan dosis optimum untuk menghasilkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan, total produksi herba segar (2.904,46 g/tan) dan kering (1.574,83 g/tan), rendemen (1,55%), kadar minyak (2,06%), dan kadar sitronela (41,59%) terbaik. Produksi minyak serai wangi terbaik pada pemberian N sebesar 6,9 g/tanaman.<br />Kata kunci: Cymbopogon nardus L., nitrogen, produksi, kadar sitronela.</p>

Plant Response of Citronella Grass (Andropogon Nardus L.) to Several Manure Application and Planting Medium Composition.

“…Result of rendemen was lower that Sriyadi (2012) [25] that reported citronella grass rendemen for clones G1, G2 and G3 was 0.87%, 0.95% and 0.92% respectively. The data was supported by previous report that reported citronella grass rendemen was 0.60-0.70% [3]. Quality of essential oil was affected by many factors such as variety,…”

The Effect of Moringa Climbing Plant (Moringa oleifera Lamk) on Growth Herbal Chili (Piper retrofractum Vahl) at Bluto Sumenep Madura

“…In the cultivation of chili herbs, farmers should pay attention to the climbing poles used, both in terms of size and tree height. Syakir (2008) reported that in pepper plants, the circumference of the stem used as a climbing pole should not be too large. From field observations, it was found that the cultivation of chili herbs in Pakandangan Sangra mostly uses climbing plant from Moringa plants which are cultivated vegetatively using stem cuttings.…”

“…The herbal chili grow climbing because they have climbing roots on their trunk segments, so they need a climbing pole as a backrest to grow properly. According to Syakir (2008), the selection of climbing poles must consider the following: the age of the climbing plant is long, the roots of the herbal chili plant grow and adhere well, the climbing pole is easy to grow and resistant to pruning and does not cause adverse effects. such as the possibility of allelopathy, competition for nutrients, sunlight, CO2, and as a host of pests and diseases) and the most important thing is that it is cheap and easy to obtain.…”

The growth of sengon (Parasarienthes falcataria) and citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) productivity performance in agroforestry system

“…Sukarno (2022) stated that the monoculture cropping pattern had better growth and yield of citronella compared to the condition of the land under the shade because there is higher competition in agroforestry patterns in obtaining light intensity and nutrient content. According to Syakir and Gusmaini (2015), citronella with a high number of tillers and leaf production generally has a high growth rate.…”