Increasing the Environmental Safety Level of the Territory Adjacent to Locations of Liquid Hydrocarbon Reservoirs

Abstract

Accumulation of flammable and combustible liquids on a relatively small area of the tank park leads to an increased environmental and fire hazard of such productions. The possible leakage of dangerous liquid and depressurization of tanks negatively affects the state of the environment in the surrounding area. A fire in a tank is one of the most dangerous emergency situations that could lead not only to significant material and environmental damage, but also to human casualties. The situation is also complicated by the economically determined tendency to use larger tanks, which significantly increases the volume of flammable liquids per unit area. This, in turn, increases the risk of fire spreading to neighboring tanks in the absence of timely localization and elimination of the fire. It is urgent and necessary to improve the methods of researching the properties of the materials of liquid hydrocarbon tanks and to assess the effects of external factors of natural and technogenic origin on these environmentally dangerous objects. The method of determining the dynamic characteristics of shell structures made of steel and partially filled with liquid (petroleum products) has been developed in the paper. A numerical analysis of the dynamic characteristics for the model of tanks for the storage of liquid hydrocarbons has been carried out. The optimal parameters of shell structures to reduce their deformations during fluid oscillations (using the example of liquid hydrocarbons) have been determined. It has been proved that taking into account the elasticity of the tank walls leads to a significant decrease in the oscillation frequencies compared to the frequencies of unfilled shells, while the lowest frequencies of filled and unfilled shell structures can correspond to different wave numbers. Extending the service life of tanks, preserving their tightness and stability under various natural and technogenic influences, preventing leaks, spills and fire hazards is necessary to increase the level of environmental safety of the surrounding territories.