Incremental validity of the ICD-11 personality disorder model for explaining psychological distress.

Stricker, Johannes; Pietrowsky, Reinhard

doi:10.1037/per0000489

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This indicates that personality functioning is a good indicator of personality pathology severity (when operationalized as impact on mental wellbeing) but that pathological personality traits add to that. Such incremental validity of personality traits to personality functioning was also found in studies which operationalized severity of personality pathology by impact on psychosocial functioning instead of mental wellbeing [45,46], or on psychological distress specifically [47]. In our study, all traits except Antagonism were strongly related to mental wellbeing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Impact of personality functioning and pathological traits on mental wellbeing of older patients with personality disorders

et al. 2022

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Background Although personality disorders are common and consequential, they are largely ignored in geriatric mental healthcare. We examined the relative contributions of different aspects of personality disorders and comorbid mental disorders to the impairment of mental wellbeing in older adults. Methods Baseline data were used of 138 patients who participated in a randomized controlled trial on schema therapy for geriatric mental health outpatients with a full or subthreshold cluster B or C personality disorder. Personality was assessed according to both the categorical and dimensional model of DSM-5. Aspects of mental wellbeing assessed were; psychological distress, positive mental health, subjective health, and life satisfaction. The current study uses baseline data of the RCT to examine the associations between different aspects of personality pathology and mental wellbeing by multivariate regression analysis, controlling for age, sex, level of education, and number of chronic somatic illnesses. Results The vast majority of patients (79.0%) had one or more mental disorders in addition to personality disorder. Personality pathology was responsible for the core of the mental health burden experienced by patients, and negated the influence of co-occurring mental disorders when entered subsequently in multivariate analysis. Personality dimensions proved to be highly predictive of mental wellbeing, and this contrasted with absence of influence of personality disorder diagnosis. Although the personality functioning dimensions – and in particular Identity integration (large effect size with partial eta-squared = 0.36) – were the primary predictors of mental wellbeing, personality trait dimensions added significant predictive value to that (Disinhibition 0.25 and Negative affect 0.24). Conclusions Personality disorders seriously affect the mental wellbeing of patients, and this overshadows the impact of comorbid mental disorders. In particular personality functioning and pathological traits of the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) of DSM-5 contribute to this impact on mental wellbeing. Alertness for and treatment of personality disorders in geriatric mental healthcare seems warranted.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Impact of personality functioning and pathological traits on mental wellbeing of older patients with personality disorders

et al. 2022

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“…Similar to a joint factor analysis of the PiCD trait domain scales and the Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5) domain scales (see Tarescavage & Menton, 2020), a factor analysis of the PiCD and BFI-2 trait domain scales yielded a three–factor solution with broad factors that were difficult to interpret as they blended different personality domains (Stricker & Pietrowsky, 2021). Previous difficulties in identifying joint factor structures on trait domain level may be due to nondiametric scales.…”

Section: The Icd-11 Personality Disorder Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alignment of the personality inventory for ICD-11 with the five-factor model of personality.

Stricker¹,

Buecker²,

Pietrowsky³

2022

Psychological Assessment

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A central innovation in the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11) is a dimensional personality disorder model differentiating five personality trait domains. The Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (PiCD) is a frequently used measure to assess these components of the ICD-11 personality disorder model. Conceptually, the ICD-11 personality trait domains correspond to trait domains from the five-factor model (FFM) of personality. However, empirically, it is unclear how the PiCD scales align with the FFM. In this questionnaire study with 480 German community adults, we assessed the joint factor structure of the PiCD trait domain scales and the FFM personality facets (assessed with the Big Five Inventory-2 [BFI-2]). A principal axis factor analysis revealed a joint five-factorial structure. The PiCD trait domain scales and the BFI-2 facet scales of the respectively corresponding FFM trait domains were almost perfectly aligned, including a bipolar anankastia-disinhibition factor along the conscientiousness dimension. Facets of openness to experience formed a fifth factor, separate from the PiCD scales. Together, these findings demonstrate structural correspondences of the PiCD trait domain scales and the respective BFI-2 facet scales, mirroring conceptual analogies between the ICD-11 and FFM personality models. Public Significance StatementThe study suggests that the Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (PiCD) aligns with the five-factor model (FFM) of personality. Thus, the PiCD appears to reflect theoretically postulated correspondences between the FFM and the ICD-11 personality disorder model, which supports the validity of the PiCD trait domain scores for assessing the ICD-11 personality trait domains.

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“…Therefore, it is important to understand that any link between personality disorders and violence must be viewed within the context of a link between general mental disorders and violence. The more psychopath characteristics people have, the better prognosis they will have to feel distressed (Stricker & Pietrowsky, 2022) when committing a crime, attacking people, or attacking themselves, as shown by the significant predictive capacity of the Functioning and Borderline Pattern scales in most prison criteria. In this situation, it is advisable to assess the protective attributes and positive tendencies (traits) of personality as proposed by the IDPI-11 scales.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Dimensional Personality Inventory for ICD-11: Development and Evaluation in the Peruvian Correctional Setting

Hualparuca-Olivera

Campos

Vivas

et al. 2022

LRPP

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Background: Personality disorder (PD) is an important predictor of the commission of crimes; however, there is a lack of clinical instruments adjusted to the characteristics of Peruvian convicts. Objective: To develop a reliable and valid comprehensive personality measurement instrument, the Integrative Dimensional Personality Inventory, ICD-11 version (IDPI-11), according to the standards of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Method: A stratified sample of prisoners from the Huancayo Penitentiary (HP) was selected (n study 1 = 60; n study 2 = 1095). Results: High reliability indices (McDonald’s ω ≥ .73) and adequate levels of content validity (CVI-S ≥ .87), construct validity, and criterion validity of the scales were found. This could explain the probability (a) of belonging to the group of inmates with instrumental or impulsive crimes (R2 N ≥ .52, OR ≥ 1.02, p ≤ .021), and (b) that recidivism, designated by the prison security level imposed, increases (R2 ≥ .53, β ≥ 1.16, p ≤ .008). Conclusions: The instrument is a valid and reliable measure that allows a dimensional and integrative assessment of the personality of convicts of the HP, according to ICD-11 standards. Authors’ contributions LMHO, DNRC, and RMCA conceived the article; DNRC and PAAV collected the data; LMHO and PAAV performed the statistical analysis; LMHO reviewed the contents; and RMCA advised on the entire study and manuscript preparation process.

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Incremental validity of the ICD-11 personality disorder model for explaining psychological distress.

Cited by 16 publications

References 60 publications

Impact of personality functioning and pathological traits on mental wellbeing of older patients with personality disorders

Impact of personality functioning and pathological traits on mental wellbeing of older patients with personality disorders

Alignment of the personality inventory for ICD-11 with the five-factor model of personality.

Integrative Dimensional Personality Inventory for ICD-11: Development and Evaluation in the Peruvian Correctional Setting

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