Index/Ring Finger Ratio, Hand and Foot Index: Gender Estimation Tools

Gupta, Shailender; Gupta,; Tyagi, Nutan; Ettishree,; Bhagat, Sinthia; Dadu, Mohit; Anthwal, N; Ashraf, T

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2017/25807.10084

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The average hand index in males was 47.73 whereas the female hand index was 45.46 (Table 2). Several research investigations have been carried out on sex determination from hand dimensions (HL and HB) and also suggest the findings that males have significantly larger hand dimensions than the females counterparts (Aboul-Hagag et al 2011;Rani et al 2011;Sen et al 2011;Asha et al 2012;Ibrahim et al 2016;Varu et al 2016;Caplova et al 2017;Gupta et al 2017;Singh and Yadav 2017;Sah and Jeelani 2019). Results of the present investigation showed sex-specific mean differences in HL and HB (p<0.05) (Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The individual hand, when recovered and brought for forensic examination, can provide valuable information about the age, sex and stature of the person (Robling and Ubelaker 1997;Sen et al 2014;Jeanson et al 2017;Adelakun et al 2019;Singh et al 2019a,b). There are several research investigations, which have been undertaken to establish the relation between sex and hand dimensions in terms of HL and HB in adults (Sen et al 2011;Asha et al 2012;Uhrova et al 2015;Ibrahim et al 2016;Varu et al 2016;Caplova et al 2017;Gupta et al 2017;Singh and Yadav 2017;Sah and Jeelani 2019). The results of the present investigation showed that the male hands are significantly larger compared to the female counterparts thus showing sexual dimorphism on the basis of hand length (HL) (p<0.05) (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

“…The mean difference in the J Life Science, 12(1-2): 1-11 (2020) hand indices was found to be larger in the right than the left hand with statistically significant value (p<0.01). Several researchers have reported statistically significant sex-specific mean differences in LHI and RHI among adults (Sen et al 2011;Asha et al 2012;Ibrahim et al 2016;Varu et al 2016;Gupta et al 2017). The results of the bilateral mean differences were observed to be statistically insignificant in HL and HB in both the sexes (p>0.05) ( Table 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Dismembered hands or hand impressions are a common type of physical evidence recovered and/or easily obtained in disaster victim identifications and crime scene investigations. Several research investigations have been carried out to determine the sex of an individual by taking the measurements of hand dimensions (for example HL and HB) (Aboul-Hagag et al 2011;Sen et al 2011;Uhrova et al 2015;Ibrahim et al 2016;Caplova et al 2017;Singh and Yadav 2017;Arifi et al 2018;Rongpi and Mondal 2019), foot dimensions (foot length and foot breadth) (Singh and Bhasin 1989;Singh and Phookan 1993;Kanchan and Rastogi 2009;Pal et al 2016;Singh and Yadav 2017;Zulkifly et al 2018;Adelakun et al 2019;Singh et al 2019b), fingers (index or ring finger) and phalanges (Robling and Ubelaker 1997;Kanchan et al 2013;Barrett and Case 2014;Bakholdina et al 2016;Gupta et al 2017;Singh et al 2019b). There is almost a complete absence of such forensic investigation among the ethnic and indigenous population of northeast India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Sex from Hand Dimensions in an Indigenous Karbi Adult Population of Assam, India

Mondal¹

2020

JLS

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Personal identification is one of the most important elements in any medico-legal and forensic investigation. It is a challenging task for both the forensic experts and physical anthropologists when identifications of unknown dismembered remains are involved. The aim and objectives of the present investigation was to determine sex by using hand length (HL) and hand breadth (HB) among an indigenous adult Karbi tribe of Karbi Anglong, Assam, India. The present community based cross-sectional investigation was undertaken among 320 unrelated adult Karbi individuals (160 males;160 females) between the age-group of 20-50 years, using stratified random sampling method. The anthropometric measurements of HL and HB were collected using standard procedures. The statistical analysis of descriptive statistics, ANOVA, binary logistic regression (BLR) and AUC-ROC were performed using SPSS (version 16.0). The results indicate that mean of LHL, RHL, LHB, RHB, LHI and RHI were observed to be significantly higher among men than women (p<0.01). The investigation highlights the existence of sexual dimorphism in HL and HB (p<0.01). The mean bilateral difference was found to be statistically not significant in both sexes in HL and HB (p>0.05). The BLR analysis showed that HB was found to be significantly more associated with sex estimation than the HL in both sexes (p<0.01). The AUC-ROC analysis was performed to test the predictive accuracy in sex estimation after predicting the probability of HL and HB. The AUC-ROC analysis showed that combined HB than HL have more accuracy over a single hand dimension measure (for example, LHL, RHL, LBH and RHB) to determine the sex (p<0.01).The equation of the present investigation may prove to be useful in sex estimation of an adult individual when any fragmented or mutilated body parts are brought for the forensic science and medico-legal investigations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Sex from Hand Dimensions in an Indigenous Karbi Adult Population of Assam, India

Mondal¹

2020

JLS

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“…primary aim of forensic medicine is the identification of persons [1][2][3][4][5]. Stature as an identification factor is a quantitative racial characteristic affected by factors such as nutrition, environment, gender, and genetics [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Index and Ring Fingers in Gender Identification and Height Estimation

Akhlaghi

Sheikhazadi

Khazaie

et al. 2019

IJMTFM

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Background: It is a challenge in forensic medicine to identify deceased bodies when body dismembered from remaining body parts, such as hands, arms, and feet. We aimed to determine gender and the correlation between stature, and index and ring fingers in an Iranian population. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 Iranian students aged between 18 and 25 years were included (2016-2017). The length of the nondominant index and ring fingers were measured from proximal crease to the tip. The exclusion criteria were a history of heavy physical work by hand, hand vocational sports, anatomical musculoskeletal deformities, and chronic internal diseases (diabetes, thyroid disorders, renal failure, etc.). The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS. t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and correlation and regression models were used to analyze the achieved data. Results: The mean height was 179 cm in males and 164 cm in females. The mean index and ring fingers lengths were 73 mm and 74 mm in males, and 68 mm and 68 mm in females, respectively. The mean sum of index and ring fingers lengths were 147 mm in males and 136 mm in females. Height, index and ring fingers length, and the sum of them significantly differed between genders (P<0.0001). The accuracy of gender determination was 92%, 71%, 73% and 74.5% in terms of stature, index finger length, ring finger length, and the sum of index and ring fingers length, respectively. The correlation between height and index finger length, as well as the height and ring finger length, were significant in males, females, and total cases (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Based on this study, index and ring fingers lengths can be used to predict height and determine gender.

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A Novel Strategy for Gender Identification from Hand Dorsal Images using Computer Vision

Chakrabarty¹

2019

2019 3rd International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC)

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Index/Ring Finger Ratio, Hand and Foot Index: Gender Estimation Tools

Abstract: Introduction: Gender estimation from dismembered human body parts and skeletal remains in cases of mass disasters, explosions, and assaults cases is an imperative element of any medico-legal investigations and has been a major challenge for forensic scientists.

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Estimation of Sex from Hand Dimensions in an Indigenous Karbi Adult Population of Assam, India

Estimation of Sex from Hand Dimensions in an Indigenous Karbi Adult Population of Assam, India

The Role of Index and Ring Fingers in Gender Identification and Height Estimation

A Novel Strategy for Gender Identification from Hand Dorsal Images using Computer Vision

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