India's Climate Mitigation Policy: Challenges and Prospects

Abstract

India is one of the largest emitters of greenhouse gases in the world, largely due to its high dependence on coal. However, since the early 2000s, New Delhi has been introducing various tools to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In 2022, a new climate plan was adopted, which for the first time set a goal to achieve carbon neutrality by 2070. To achieve the goal of reducing greenhouse gases in the energy sector, India is using several market-based schemes, which will become the basis of the Indian emissions trading system in the nearest future. Environmentally friendly transport is actively developing. It is being research in the field of industrial decarbonization, carbon capture and storage systems, and forest protection and afforestation programs are being implemented. However, the implementation of the identified areas is being fraught with difficulties, which lead to the implementation of controversial measures on the part of the state, economically justified, but contrary to the climate strategy. This study examines the main directions of Indian climate policy, prospects and difficulties in their implementation to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.