Indian spices: past, present and future challenges as the engine for bio‐enhancement of drugs: impact of COVID‐19

Gidwani, Bina; R, Bhattacharya; Shukla, Shiv Shankar; Pandey, Ravindra Kumar

doi:10.1002/jsfa.11771

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Allicin [ 95 , 96 ], eugenol [ 97 , 98 ], thymoquinone [ 99 ], apigenin [ 100 , 101 ], carvacrol [ 102 , 103 ] and thymol [ 104 ] are some of the most studied metabolites of spice plants with antiviral effects and consequent applications in the efforts to combat COVID-19 ( Table 3 ).…”

Section: Covid 19: Context Treatment and New Drugs Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Spices as a Source of Antimicrobial Synergic Molecules to Treat Bacterial and Viral Co-Infections

Duarte

Takahashi

2022

Molecules

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The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the lack of antiviral agents available for human use, while the complexity of the physiological changes caused by coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) imposed the prescription of multidrug pharmacotherapy to treat infected patients. In a significant number of cases, it was necessary to add antibiotics to the prescription to decrease the risk of co-infections, preventing the worsening of the patient’s condition. However, the precautionary use of antibiotics corroborated to increase bacterial resistance. Since the development of vaccines for COVID-19, the pandemic scenario has changed, but the development of new antiviral drugs is still a major challenge. Research for new drugs with synergistic activity against virus and resistant bacteria can produce drug leads to be used in the treatment of mild cases of COVID-19 and to fight other viruses and new viral diseases. Following the repurposing approach, plant spices have been searched for antiviral lead compounds, since the toxic effects of plants that are traditionally consumed are already known, speeding up the drug discovery process. The need for effective drugs in the context of viral diseases is discussed in this review, with special focus on plant-based spices with antiviral and antibiotic activity. The activity of plants against resistant bacteria, the diversity of the components present in plant extracts and the synergistic interaction of these metabolites and industrialized antibiotics are discussed, with the aim of contributing to the development of antiviral and antibiotic drugs. A literature search was performed in electronic databases such as Science Direct; SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online); LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences); Elsevier, SpringerLink; and Google Scholar, using the descriptors: antiviral plants, antibacterial plants, coronavirus treatment, morbidities and COVID-19, bacterial resistance, resistant antibiotics, hospital-acquired infections, spices of plant origin, coronaviruses and foods, spices with antiviral effect, drug prescriptions and COVID-19, and plant synergism. Articles published in English in the period from 2020 to 2022 and relevant to the topic were used as the main inclusion criteria.

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Section: Covid 19: Context Treatment and New Drugs Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Spices as a Source of Antimicrobial Synergic Molecules to Treat Bacterial and Viral Co-Infections

Duarte

Takahashi

2022

Molecules

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“…So it has enormous use in the treatment of several diseases even carcinoma [ 5 , 6 ]. However, spices have shown an outbreaking effect against the SARS-CoV-2 virus due to their distinctive properties to reduce the activity of that virus or boost the immunity of the human body [ 6 – 8 ], since COVID-19 has been considered a respiratory disease, which has mainly affected the respiratory system, called direct damage to the lung, that produces acute viral pneumonia. Gradually it affects other organs like the nervous system, kidneys, and cardiovascular system, [ 7 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Exposure of Four Biologically Important Common Branded and Non-branded Spices: Relative Analysis and Health Implication

Alam

Hosen

Ullah

et al. 2023

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Technological advances and socioeconomic development of Bangladesh are leading to the best choice between branded and non-branded powdered spices. But toxic metal issues can be another factor to elect them. So lead (Pb) exposure and its consequence on the human body for these two categories of four common spices have been ascertained here. A validated laboratory method using hot plate digestion and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) has been used for that. The obtained mean concentration of Pb in branded and non-branded spice powders followed the decreasing order of turmeric > coriander > red chili > cumin powder and turmeric > red chili > cumin > coriander powder, respectively, where, in any analysis mode, the non-branded items are potentially ahead of Pb exposure. The market-based mean concentration between these two categories was not a significant difference ( t -test). Approximately 90% of the spice samples have shown within the maximum allowable limit by Bangladesh Standard. The sum of estimated daily intake indicated that most of the city market (67%) for non-branded items and some branded (33%) samples have crossed the maximum tolerable daily intake (> 0.21 mg/kg). So, the human health risk assumption for the inhabitant of studied areas suggests there is no significant level of risk for them due to the consumption of spices regarding non-carcinogenic risk factor (THQ and total THQ) and carcinogenic risk factor (CR). But the development of a quality control process for loose spice powders as well as toxic metal screening from raw materials to finish products urgently needed and continuous monitoring with identifying the source of toxic metal is highly recommended.

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“…6,9,10 Moreover, there are studies showing that some specific spices have potential value in preventing and treating COVID-19. 11 Therefore, it is important to detect different spices. The authentication and adulteration detection of spices are significant challenges in the growing spice industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the field of medicine, spices have potential protective effects against diseases such as neurodegeneration, type 2 diabetes, and cancer 6,9,10 . Moreover, there are studies showing that some specific spices have potential value in preventing and treating COVID‐19 11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ detection of spices with medicinal value based on laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy

Zhou

Wan

Tian

et al. 2022

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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It is important to detect and distinguish different spices because spices are widely used around the world. In this study, wormwood, artemisia annua, lemongrass and clove are taken as examples. First, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is applied to detect and analyze the ash of different spice samples in situ. In the spectra of the ash of different samples, some characteristic lines of metal elements are observed, such as Ca, Na, Mg, K, and so on. By comparing the spectra of the ash, the relative intensities of the characteristic peaks are different, which can be employed to identify and distinguish different spice samples. Then, using LIBS combined with principal component analysis (PCA) and error back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN), the model of classification is established to distinguish different spices. In PCA, the dimension of the spectra of the ash is reduced, and the cumulative contribution rate of the first two PCs exceeds 90%. The samples after dimension reduction by PCA are classified by BP-ANN, and the recognition rate can reach 100%. After 10 cross-verifications, the final recognition accuracy can reach 85.25%. All of the results show the model of classification has the potential in the field of identification and distinction of different spices.

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Indian spices: past, present and future challenges as the engine for bio‐enhancement of drugs: impact of COVID‐19

Cited by 19 publications

References 62 publications

Plant Spices as a Source of Antimicrobial Synergic Molecules to Treat Bacterial and Viral Co-Infections

Plant Spices as a Source of Antimicrobial Synergic Molecules to Treat Bacterial and Viral Co-Infections

Lead Exposure of Four Biologically Important Common Branded and Non-branded Spices: Relative Analysis and Health Implication

In situ detection of spices with medicinal value based on laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy

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