Objective: The extent to which existing and future research can impact on reducing health disparities relates not only to the evidence available, but the ability to find that evidence. Our objective is to quantify experts' literature searching effectiveness with respect to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people's health. Methods: Nine journals were dual reviewed, and a 'gold standard' set of relevant articles was identified. Health librarians (n = 25) completed a standardised searching task using OVID MEDLINE, and results were compared with the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity and precision rates were calculated. Results: The gold standard comprised 136 of 1469 (9.3%) records from nine journals. Searches achieved a mean sensitivity of 53.2% (median = 64.7%, range 0.0-93.4%), specificity of 97.4% (median = 99.4%, range 52.6-100%) and precision of 83.3% (median = 91.0%, range 16.7-100%). Self-estimates of search sensitivity (post hoc) were significantly higher than observed (M = 78.9%, t = 4.812, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Even expert searchers struggle to find the relevant peer-reviewed literature in MEDLINE. Implications: A search filter may improve searching effectiveness for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health literature. Assessment of health librarians' searching competencies warrants further professional debate and consideration.Keywords: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders, Australia, information storage and retrieval, MEDLINE, oceanic ancestry group, professional competence
Key Messages• Health library and information professionals should develop strategies to assess and develop their individual MEDLINE searching competencies, as confidence is not necessarily associated with competence.• Continuing professional development programmes for health library and information. Professionals should target MEDLINE searching skills, given MEDLINE is a primary database of significance.• Academic and researchers should invest in developing and validating objective measures of assessing searching competencies.