Indirect somatic embryogenesis from transgenic immature leaf of safflower Carthamus tinctorius (Mohler, Roth, Schmidt &amp; Boudreaux, 1967) (Asterales: Asteraceae)

Kumar, Sudheeran Pradeep; Kumari, B. D. Ranjitha

doi:10.21472/bjbs.040803

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Explants were carefully dissected (nodal) from 35-day-old in vitro seedlings and cultured in basal nutrient medium Murashige and Skoog (MS), supplemented with B 5 vitamins 3percent ( w / v ) sucrose, 4.52 µM 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2–4, D), and 2.65 µM α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (Himedia, Mumbai, India), for callus induction [ 21 , 22 ]. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 5.7 (supplemented with a growth regulator) with 1 N NaOH or 1 N HCl (Himedia, Mumbai, India), before gelling with 0.8percent agar (Himedia, Mumbai, India), and autoclaved at 121 °C for 15 min at 15 lbs pressure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate Mutagenesis in Artemisia vulgaris L. under NaCl Stress

Kumar

Kumari

2021

BioTech

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The present investigation aimed to obtain salt-tolerant Artemisia vulgaris L. to develop a constant form through in vitro mutagenesis with ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) as the chemical mutagen. NaCl tolerance was evaluated by the ability of the callus to maintain its growth under different concentrations, ranges from (0 mM to 500 mM). However, NaCl salinity concentration at (500 mM) did not show any development of callus, slight shrinking, and brown discoloration taking place over a week. Thus, all the biochemical and antioxidant assays were limited to (0–400 mM) NaCl. On the other hand, selected calluses were treated with 0.5% EMS for 30, 60, and 90 min and further subcultured on basal media fortified with different concentrations of 0–400 mM NaCl separately. Thus, the callus was treated for 60 min and was found to induce the mutation on the callus. The maximum salt-tolerant callus from 400 mM NaCl was regenerated in MS medium fortified with suitable hormones. Biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll, carotenoids, starch, amino acids, and phenol contents decreased under NaCl stress, whereas sugar and proline increased. Peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities peaked at 200 mM NaCl, whereas catalase (CAT) was maximum at 100 mM NaCl. Enhanced tolerance of 0.5% the EMS-treated callus, attributed to the increased biochemical and antioxidant activity over the control and NaCl stress. As a result, the mutants were more tolerant of salinity than the control plants.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate Mutagenesis in Artemisia vulgaris L. under NaCl Stress

Kumar

Kumari

2021

BioTech

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“…Safflower is an erect, herbaceous, highly branched, spiny, thistle-like annual plant that grows from 30 to 150 cm in height (Singh and Nimbkar, 2006;Kumar and Kumari, 2011). Young safflower plants form a rosette and remain in this vegetative state for many weeks, during which leaves and a deep taproot system develop.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive summary

2022

Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology

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From their first commercialisation in the mid-1990s, genetically engineered crops (also known as "transgenic" or "genetically modified" plants) have been approved for commercial release in an increasing number of countries, for planting, entering in the composition of foods and feeds, or use in industrial processing. The majority of these productions are for soybean, maize, cotton and rapeseed (canola) bearing pest resistance and herbicide tolerance traits, aiming to improve yields and reduce the costs of production. Other transgenic crops that are increasingly grown to date comprise lucerne (alfalfa), sugar beet, sugarcane, papaya, safflower, potato, eggplant, as well as pumpkin, apple and pineapple in smaller areas. Other traits are increasingly introduced in engineered plants, adapting them to biotic or abiotic stress, such as resistance to drought or tolerance to salt in the growing environment, or changing a characteristic, e.g. modified oil content, reduced lignin content, non-browning or nutritional quality (biofortification). Thus, transgenic crops, where adopted and available on the market, enlarge possibilities for farmers, industry and consumers. They can play a part in addressing global concerns such as the rising need for food and feed in the growing population context or the necessary adaptation of agriculture for better resilience to climate change.Modern biotechnologies are applied to plants (crops, flowers and trees) but also animals and micro-organisms. The safety of the resulting genetically engineered organisms, when released in the environment for their use in agriculture, forestry, fishery, the food and feed industry, biofuel production or other applications, represents a challenging issue. A scientifically sound approach to their risk assessment should inform biosafety regulators and support national decisions regarding their possible market release. Genetically engineered products are rigorously assessed by their developers during their elaboration and by governments when ready for commercial use, to ensure high safety standards for the environment, human food and animal feed. Such assessments are considered essential for healthy and sustainable agriculture, industry and trade.In 2019, according to the annual report of the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications, the five main producers of genetically engineered crops were the United States, Brazil, Argentina, Canada and India (listed by decreasing area) covering a combined 170 million hectares representing more than 90% of the global transgenic crop area. Among the 29 countries having grown genetically engineered crops in that year, 9 of them were OECD countries, listed by decreasing area as follows: the

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Safflower disease—a sustainable protection against Alternaria carthami L.

Kumar

2021

Food Security and Plant Disease Management

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Indirect somatic embryogenesis from transgenic immature leaf of safflower Carthamus tinctorius (Mohler, Roth, Schmidt & Boudreaux, 1967) (Asterales: Asteraceae)

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Impact of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate Mutagenesis in Artemisia vulgaris L. under NaCl Stress

Impact of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate Mutagenesis in Artemisia vulgaris L. under NaCl Stress

Executive summary

Safflower disease—a sustainable protection against Alternaria carthami L.

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