Indirect Titrimetric and Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Some Phenothiazine Psychotropics.

Basavaiah, K.; Krishnamurthy, Gopalaiah; Swamy, Javarappa Manjunatha

doi:10.1248/cpb.47.1351

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The method using DPH also involves heating the methanolic solution at 60˚C for 15 -20 min before measuring the abosrbance of unreacted reagent, besides being applicable for 10 -300 µg ml -1 concentrations. The method proposed by one of the present authors, 25 though simple and sensitive, requires strict adherence to acid concentration. To overcome the limitations in the existing methods, there is still a need for a sensitive and cost-effective method for the determination of these drugs that can be adapted for the routine analysis of pharmaceutical samples.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Procedures based on ion-association complex formation with many acidic dyes such as Bromocresol Green, 14 Chrome Azurol S, 15 Bromophenol Blue, 16 Thymol Blue, 17 picric acid, 18 Methyl Orange, 19 Eriochrome Cyanine R, 20 Amaranth 21 and Brilliant Blue, 22 have also been reported. The chief limitations of these methods are: tedious and time consuming extraction step, use of organic solvents, strict pH control and significant blank absorption.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chief limitations of these methods are: tedious and time consuming extraction step, use of organic solvents, strict pH control and significant blank absorption. A couple of indirect spectrophotometric methods utilizing metavanadate, 23 diphenylpicryl hydrazyl 24 (DPH) and chromium(VI)-diphenylcarbazone 25 are also used for the assay of phenothiazines. But even these procedures are unsuitable for routine analysis, since the vanadate method 23 requires heating the reaction mixture in a boiling water bath for 10 min, and the method is poorly sensitive (range 50 -1000 µg ml -1 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Highly Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Some Phenothiazine Antipsychotics Using Chloramine-T and Indigocarmine

Basavaiah

Swamy

2001

ANAL. SCI.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new simple, accurate and precise spectrophotometric method for the determination of six phenothiazine drugs in pure form and in dosage forms is described. The method is based on the oxidation of the studied drugs by a known excess of Chloramine-T in hydrochloric acid medium and subsequent determination of the unreacted oxidant by reacting it with indigocarmine in the same acid medium. The reacted oxidant corresponds to the drug content. The colored species exhibits maximum absorption at 610 nm. , respectively. The method is highly sensitive and suitable for 1 -15 µg ml -1 concentrations with the detection limits being in the range, 0.0651 -0.1724 µg ml -1 . The method was successfully applied to the studied drugs in their dosage forms. The results are reproducible within ±1% and compare favorably with those obtained by the procedures of the British Pharmacopeia.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Highly Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Some Phenothiazine Antipsychotics Using Chloramine-T and Indigocarmine

Basavaiah

Swamy

2001

ANAL. SCI.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Potassium dichromate has been a useful oxidizing agent in the determination of a number of substances of pharmaceutical importance [26][27][28][29][30]. All the four methods described here are indirect and are based on the determination of residual dichromate after allowing the reaction between a measured excess of dichromate and RNH to go to completion under acidic conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitation of ranitidine in pharmaceuticals by titrimetry and spectrophotometry using potassium dichromate as the oxidimetric reagent

Basavaiah

Somashekar

2007

JICS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Four new methods are described for the determination of ranitidine hydrochloride (RNH) in bulk drug and in formulations employing titrimetric and spectrophotometric techniques and using potassium dichromate as the oxidimetric reagent. In titrimetry (method A), RNH is treated with a measured excess of dichromate in acid medium, and the unreacted oxidant is back titrated with iron(II) ammonium sulfate. The three spectrophotometric methods are also based on the oxidation of RNH by a known excess of dichromate under acidic conditions followed by the determination of surplus oxidant by three different reaction schemes. In one procedure (method B), the residual dichromate is treated with diphenylcarbazide and the absorbance measured at 540 nm. Calculated amount of iron(II) is added to residual dichromate and the resulting iron(III) is complexed with thiocyanate and measured at 470 nm (method C). Method D involves reduction of unreacted dichromate by a calculated amount of iron(II) and estimation of residual iron(II) as its orthophenanthroline complex after raising the pH, and measuring the absorbance at 510 nm. In all the methods, the amount of dichromate reacted corresponds to the drug content. The experimental conditions are optimized. The titrimetric procedure is applicable over 5-10 mg range. In spectrophotometric methods, Beer's law is obeyed in the ranges 5-50, 5-80, and 10-100 μg ml -1 for method B, method C, and method D, respectively. The methods were validated for accuracy, precision and recovery. The proposed methods were applied to the analysis of RNH in the tablet and the injection forms, and the results were in agreement with those obtained by the reference method.

show abstract

“…Recently, TFPH has been the focus of extensive research, both for the development of rapid and simple methods for its detection and because of its structural properties as a reagent for chemical analysis [3]. Various methods have been employed for the determination of TFPH including titrimetry [4], potentiometry [5], spectrophotometry [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], fluorimetry [14], flow injection analysis [15,16], sequential injection analysis [17], high-performance liquid chromatography [18,19] and liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) [20]. Because of its structural features, TFPH and other phenothiazine derivatives have been used extensively as complexing agents with several metals [1,3,8,[21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Indirect Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric Determination of Trifluoperazine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceuticals

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new method was developed for the determination of trifluoperazine hydrochloride (TFPH) at trace levels in pharmaceuticals. This method involved formation of a TFPH-Pt(IV) complex at a specific pH, and extraction of this complex into an organic solvent. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used to measure the absorbance of platinum in the complex, and indirectly determine the concentration of TFPH. Under the optimized conditions, the linear dynamic range, detection limit, relative standard deviation (n = 5), and the recoveries of the standard addition method were 2−60 µg mL −1 , 0.085 µg mL −1 , 1.58−2.03, and 102.24 ± 0.43, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the determination of TFPH in the drug Stelazine (5 mg of TFPH per tablet) by both direct and standard addition procedures and gave results of 4.89 and 4.88 mg of TFPH per tablet. This method was compared statistically with the determination of TFPH by UV-Vis spectroscopy, and the difference in the precision from these methods was insignificant at the 95% confidence level.

show abstract

Indirect Titrimetric and Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Some Phenothiazine Psychotropics.

Cited by 14 publications

References 1 publication

A Highly Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Some Phenothiazine Antipsychotics Using Chloramine-T and Indigocarmine

A Highly Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Some Phenothiazine Antipsychotics Using Chloramine-T and Indigocarmine

Quantitation of ranitidine in pharmaceuticals by titrimetry and spectrophotometry using potassium dichromate as the oxidimetric reagent

An Indirect Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric Determination of Trifluoperazine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceuticals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About