Individual and Network Interventions With Injection Drug Users in 5 Ukraine Cities

Booth, Robert E.; Lehman, Wayne E. K.; Latkin, Carl A.; Dvoryak, Sergey; Brewster, John T.; Royer, Mark S.; Sinitsyna, Larisa

doi:10.2105/ajph.2009.172304

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Future interventions could be targeted to be more family-based and inclusive of caregivers' larger social circle. In addition, social network interventions have been effective in substance use [42], HIV prevention [43] and other health interventions [44] and may also be appropriate for tobacco cessation for this population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers and motivators to reducing secondhand smoke exposure in African American families of head start children: a qualitative study

et al. 2016

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Objective: To identify barriers and motivators for reducing secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) for families of African-American, lowincome, urban children. Method: Audiotaped intervention sessions of 52 African-American caregivers of Head Start children who reported being a smoker and/or had at least one smoker in the home were randomly sampled from a larger trial examining the effectiveness of a motivational-interviewing intervention in reducing child's SHSe. Counseling sessions were qualitatively coded to identify barriers and motivators to implementing a home smoking ban or quitting smoking.Results: African-American families identified several themes that were either or both barriers and motivators for SHSe reduction, including: asking others not to smoke, other family living in the home, neighborhood safety, absence of childcare, cost/availability of cessation tools, physician support and prevention of health problems. Discussion: Urban, low-income AfricanAmerican families face numerous barriers to reducing SHSe. Families were able to identify many motivators for reducing SHSe, suggesting an awareness of the importance for SHSe reduction but uncertainty in their confidence to change behaviors. Counseling should include tailoring to be most effective in supporting health behavior change. Greater emphasis on motivators is needed, such as low-cost/free cessation tools, engagement from physicians and greater involvement of extended family members.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers and motivators to reducing secondhand smoke exposure in African American families of head start children: a qualitative study

et al. 2016

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“…24 Social networks have been found to play a role in the initiation, continuation, and cessation of both injecting drug use and HIV risk behavior. 25 There are substantial city-level differences in risk behavior, and the highest prevalence of unsafe injecting and sexual behavior was found in Telavi and Gori. Although IDUs in these cities had the lowest HIV prevalence (1.5% and 0%, respectively), there is a conducive environment for the rapid spread of HIV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unsafe Injection and Sexual Risk Behavior among Injecting Drug Users in Georgia

Chikovani

Božičević²,

Goguadze

et al. 2011

J Urban Health

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Injection drug users (IDUs) are at risk for acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through parenteral and sexual transmission. In this paper, we describe the prevalence and correlates of unsafe drug injecting and sexual behaviors among IDUs recruited across five cities in Georgia in 2009. IDUs were administered a questionnaire collecting information on demographics, drug use, sexual behaviors, and HIV testing behaviors. Correlates of risky injecting and sexual behaviors were determined using logistic regression. Of 1,127 IDUs, the majority (98.7%) were men, and the median duration of injecting drugs was 7 years. Unsafe injecting behavior at last injection was reported by 51.9% of IDUs, while 16.8% reported both unsafe injecting behavior and not using condoms with last occasional and/or commercial partner. In the multivariate analysis, independent correlates of unsafe injecting behavior at last injection were types of drugs injected [p=0.0096; (for ephedrine, adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=7.38; 95% CI, 1.50-36.26)] and not using condoms at last commercial sex (aOR =2.29, 1.22-4.32). The following variables were significantly associated with unsafe injecting behavior at last injection and not using condoms at last sex with commercial and/or occasional partners in the multivariate analysis: marital status [p = 0.0002; (for divorced, widowed, and separated aOR =2.62, 1.62-4.25; for single aOR =1.61, 1.08-2.39)], being a member of a regular injecting group (aOR=0.62, 0.44-0.88), types of drugs injected in the past month [p =0.0024; (for buprenorphine aOR =0.34, 0.18-0.63)], city of residence (p=0.0083), and not receiving information on HIV (aOR=1.82, 1.07-3.09). Though only ephedrine was injected by a smaller number of IDUs (9.1%), the vast majority of these (81.4%) reported unsafe injecting practices at last injection. High prevalence of unsafe injecting behaviors and diverse and at-risk sexual partnerships highlight the need to implement complex and targeted HIV interventions among IDUs in Georgia.

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“…In addition, given the success of the RDS network sampling methodology among IDUs in Ukraine, social network-based programs could expand the reach of important prevention messages throughout the IDU population [30,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of HIV Risk Among Injecting Drug Users in Sixteen Ukrainian Cities

Taran¹,

Johnston

Pohorila

et al. 2010

AIDS Behav

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We present findings from a HIV survey using respondent driven sampling among 3,711 injecting drug users (IDUs) in 16 cities in Ukraine in 2008. Eligible participants were males and females who injected drugs in the past 1 month, ≥ 16 years and lived/worked in their respective interview area. The impact of injecting and sexual risk behaviors on HIV-infection were analyzed using four logistic models. Overall HIV prevalence was 32%. In the sexual risk model, paying for sex in the past 3 months and condom use during last sex increased the odds of HIV infection. Being female, having greater than 3 years of injection drug use, always sharing equipment and using alcohol with drugs in the past month remained significant in all four models. These findings indicate the urgent need to scale up peer education, needle exchange and methadone substitution programs for IDUs with specific programs targeting the needs of female injectors.

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Individual and Network Interventions With Injection Drug Users in 5 Ukraine Cities

Cited by 38 publications

References 30 publications

Barriers and motivators to reducing secondhand smoke exposure in African American families of head start children: a qualitative study

Barriers and motivators to reducing secondhand smoke exposure in African American families of head start children: a qualitative study

Unsafe Injection and Sexual Risk Behavior among Injecting Drug Users in Georgia

Correlates of HIV Risk Among Injecting Drug Users in Sixteen Ukrainian Cities

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