“…For example, in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris), dominant individuals are less neophobic and thus learn a novel task quicker than subordinate group members (Boogert, Reader, & Laland, 2006) while in jackdaws (Corvus monedula), dominant individuals are far more likely to monopolize resources leaving little opportunity for subordinates to learn individually (Federspiel, Boeckle, von Bayern, & Emery, 2019). However, in archerfish (Toxotes chatareus), only the personalities of individuals predict their learning propensity and not the social ranks (Jones, Spence-Jones, Webster, & Rendell, 2021). Within an individual, the choice between asocial learning, social learning, and innovation is flexible.…”