Individual Differences in Bait Shyness: Effects of Drug Dose and Measurement Technique

Elkins, Ralph L.

doi:10.1007/bf03394178

Cited by 95 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Figure 2 shows that both female and male LiCI animals' mean consumption of the sucrose solution reached at least 50% of their Day 1 consumption by Day 4 and at least 100% by Day 5. Dragoin (1971) and Elkins (1973) have found that rats given high dosage levels of a drug take longer to extinguish a conditioned taste aversion than those given low dosage levels. It is possible that the nondeprived males in Experiment I took longer to extinguish than the females because the males were made more ill.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually dimorphic extinction of a conditioned taste aversion in rats

Chambers

Sengstake

1976

Animal Learning & Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The existence of a sexual dimorphism in the extinction of conditioned taste aversions in both fluid-deprived and nondeprived rats was investigated. When nondeprived rats were poisoned with LiCI after consuming a sucrose solution, males extinguished the subsequent conditioned taste aversion more slowly than females. There was no difference in the rate of extinction of a LiCI-induced conditioned taste aversion in fluid-deprived rats. Using marihuana extract distillate as the toxin, it was shown that the dimorphism found in the nondeprived rats is not a toxin-specific effect, and does not appear to be due to the males being made more ill. Possible explanations for the appearance of the dimorphism and its relation to the deprivational state of the organism are discussed.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually dimorphic extinction of a conditioned taste aversion in rats

Chambers

Sengstake

1976

Animal Learning & Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, marked variability in aversion acquisition was characteristic of human alcoholics that were treated with a TA approach to abstinence facilitation (Elkins, 1975(Elkins, , 1980. Comparable individual differences in conditionability likewise have been observed within SpragueDawley-derived rats (Elkins, 1973(Elkins, , 1974. Different strains of rats also vary in efficiency of T A learning (Ader, 1973;Dragoin, 1971;Rozin, 1968).…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Operant performance of rats selectively bred for strong or weak acquisition of conditioned taste aversions

Hobbs¹,

Elkins²

1983

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An ongoing program of selective breeding is successfully developing strains of SpragueDawley-derived rats that are strong or weak acquirers of a cyclophosphamide-induced taste aversion (T A). Although strain separation has been based exclusively upon the T A criterion, all subjects have also been studied with respect to the acquisition of shock-motivated environmental avoidance (SMEA) responses. The separation of strains of strong and weak T A learners has not resulted in similar changes in SMEA learning efficiency. The present study was undertaken to extend this analysis by comparing the two strains on appetitively motivated operant behaviors. Both fixed-ratio (FR) and differential-reinforcement-of-Iow-rates (DRL) schedules were studied because of their respective contrast with and similarity to the TA paradigm. No strain differences in food-reinforced barpressing were detected under either the FR or the DRL schedule. These results indicate that strain separation on the basis of T A performance is not selecting for generalized learning or performance variables that are common to these tasks. However, in a finding that merits additional study, strong TA conditioners were found to satisfy a criterion for initial barpress acquisition under a continuous schedule of reinforcement in significantly fewer sessions than were required by the weak T A strain. Conditioned taste aversions (T As) represent a type of learning possessing both theoretical and practical significance (e.g.,

show abstract

“…This rapid extinction was shown in the 4-h period whether the food was response contingent, delivered intermittently, or freely available. Other studies that have used deprived subjects and one-stimulus tests have reported the persistence of the taste aversion over 3 to 4 days (e.g., Elkins, 1973). Such studies, however, have employed a series of short extinction tests rather than a prolonged exposure to the aversive food .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tests over a period of days following poisoning in order to assess the extinction of the taste aversion effect (Baum, Foidart, & LaPoint, 1974;Dragoin et al, 1971;Elkins, 1973). The present experiments differ methodologically from previous ones in that food was available throughout the postconditioning test period.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Some conditions for the rapid extinction of a learned taste aversion

Abelson

Pierrel-Sorrentino

Blough

1977

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study examined the course of extinction of a learned taste aversion using prolonged exposure to the aversive food as the extinction test. A conditioned aversion to sucrose was established in deprived rats. They were then exposed for a 4-h period to sucrose alone where it was (1) response contingent, (2) delivered intermittently, or (3) freely available. The aversion extinguished in the 4-h period under all three test conditions. The results suggest that the extinction rate of a learned taste aversion is based on the duration of the exposure to the aversive food after the poisoning experience, not on the time since poisoning.

show abstract

Individual Differences in Bait Shyness: Effects of Drug Dose and Measurement Technique

Cited by 95 publications

References 12 publications

Sexually dimorphic extinction of a conditioned taste aversion in rats

Sexually dimorphic extinction of a conditioned taste aversion in rats

Operant performance of rats selectively bred for strong or weak acquisition of conditioned taste aversions

Some conditions for the rapid extinction of a learned taste aversion

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About