Individual Housing From Rearing Modifies the Performance of Young Rats on the Elevated Plus-Maze Apparatus

Silva, Nelci Lopes Da; Ferreira, Vânia Maria Moraes; Carobrez, A.P.; Morato, Gina Struffaldi

doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(96)00254-5

Cited by 77 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In nonsocial tests (open-field, EPM, and shock prod burying task) the juvenile isolated rats did not differ from nonisolated control rats, although several reports describe isolation-induced hyperactivity in an open field Einon, Morgan, & Kibbler, 1978;Robbins, Jones, & Wilkinson, 1996) and an abnormal performance on the EPM (Da Silva, Ferreira, Carobrez, & Morato, 1996). A possible explanation for this discrepancy could be the housing condition at the time of testing, i.e., individual versus social housing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…It should be noted that social isolation after weaning is not only deprivation from social play, but from all forms of social interactions. Long-term isolation from weaning results in more severe disturbances in a variety of behaviors (Da Silva et al, 1996;Hård & Larsson, 1968), probably caused by social isolation in general and not only play deprivation. Einon and coworkers (1978) support the hypothesis that deprivation of social play in rats especially contributes to the observed isolation-induced effects because short daily periods of social play attenuate the effects of isolationrearing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Play is indispensable for an adequate development of coping with social challenges in the rat

et al. 1999

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Play is indispensable for an adequate development of coping with social challenges in the rat

et al. 1999

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“…restraint, social isolation, diet restriction, open field exposure) may also result in different changes in sleep architecture (Da Silva et al, 1996;Tang et al, 2004;Vazquez-Palacios and Velazquez-Moctezuma, 2000). The present study attempted to induce an anxiety-state using only various foot-shock paradigms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between anxiety and sleep–wake behavior after stressor exposure in the rat

MacLean

Datta

2007

Brain Research

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Disturbed sleep is a common subjective complaint among individuals diagnosed with anxiety disorders. In rodents, sleep is often recorded after exposure to various foot-shock paradigms designed to induce an anxiety state. Although differences in sleep-wake architecture are noted, the relationship to specific level of anxiety is often assumed or absent. Utilizing the elevated plus maze (EPM) after exposure to escapable shock (ES), inescapable shock (IS) or fear conditioning (FC), resulting differences in sleep architecture were compared to an objective measure of anxiety. Male Wistar rats were implanted with EEG, EMG and hippocampal theta electrodes to record sleep-wake behavior. After recovery and recording of baseline sleep, rats were exposed to one of five manipulations: ES, IS, FC, or control (CES or CIS; utilizing either chamber with no shock exposure). Shortly after experimental manipulation, the EPM was employed to quantify traditional and ethological measures of anxiety and polygraphic signs of sleep-wake behavior were recorded continuously for 6h. Although no significance was observed in EPM measurements across groups, profound differences in sleep architecture were present. Individual correlation analysis revealed no differences in anxiety level and total percentage of time spent in sleep-wake states. These results indicate that differences in sleep architecture after foot-shock exposure may not be simply due to increased anxiety. Rather, individual anxiety may be exacerbated by disrupted sleep. To fully understand the relationship between anxiety and sleep-wake behavior, a more objective analysis of anxiety after stressor exposure is mandated.

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“…Previous studies have shown that gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA A ) receptor agonists, 5-HT 1A receptor agonists, and mGlu 2/3 receptor agonists attenuate isolation-rearinginduced aggressive behaviors and/or anxiety-like behaviors (Ago et al, 2012;Da Silva et al, 1996;Maisonnette et al, 1993;Sakaue et al, 2001;Sánchez et al, 1993;Wongwitdecha and Marsden, 1996). Thus, we next examined the effects of the GABA A receptor agonist diazepam, the 5-HT 1A receptor agonist osemozotan, and the mGlu 2/3 receptor agonist LY379268 on encounter-induced behavioral changes in male isolation-reared mice ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Effects Of Diazepam Osemozotan and Ly379268 On Encounter-imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diazepam is a potent anxiolytic (do-Rego et al, 2006) and attenuates aggressive behavior (Sakaue et al, 2001;Wongwitdecha and Marsden, 1996) and anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus-maze (Da Silva et al, 1996) in isolation-reared rodents. Osemozotan and mGlu 2/3 receptor agonists also inhibit aggressive behavior and anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus-maze, and they reverse the deficits of prepulse Figure 8 Effects of diazepam and osemozotan (a), and LY379268 (b) on encounter-induced increases in extracellular 5-HT levels in the nucleus accumbens shell of male isolation-reared mice.…”

Section: Effect Of Encounter Stimulation In Isolated Mice Y Ago Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Social Encounter-Induced Activation of Prefrontal Serotonergic Systems in the Abnormal Behaviors of Isolation-Reared Mice

Ago

Araki

Tanaka

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Isolation-reared male rodents show abnormal behaviors such as hyperlocomotion, aggressive behaviors, deficits of prepulse inhibition, and depression-and anxiety-like behaviors, but the neurochemical mechanism for the effects of psychological stress in these animals is not fully understood. This study examined the effects of social interactions between isolation-reared mice and intruder mice on brain monoaminergic systems. A cage was divided into two compartments by a mesh partition to prevent direct physical interactions. The 20-min encounter with an intruder elicited a restless and hyperexcitable state (hyperactivity) in male, but not in female, isolationreared mice, whereas encounters with a sleeping intruder or a novel object did not. Although the encounter did not affect prefrontal neuronal-activity-marker c-Fos expression, dopamine (DA) levels, or serotonin (5-HT) levels in male group-reared mice or female isolation-reared mice, it increased prefrontal c-Fos expression, DA levels, and 5-HT levels in male isolation-reared mice. Furthermore, encounter-induced increases in c-Fos expression in the dorsal raphe nucleus and ventral tegmental area, but not in the nucleus accumbens shell, were much greater in isolation-reared than group-reared male mice. A 5-HT 1A receptor agonist, a metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptor agonist, and a gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor agonist attenuated isolation-induced aggressive behaviors and encounter-induced hyperactivity, c-Fos expression in the prefrontal cortex and dorsal raphe nucleus, and increases in prefrontal 5-HT levels. These findings suggest that the prefrontal DA and 5-HT systems are activated by encounter stimulation in male isolationreared mice, and the encounter-induced activation of 5-HT system triggers the induction of some abnormal behaviors in male isolation-reared mice. Furthermore, this study implies that the encounter stimulation-induced signal has a pharmacological significance.

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Individual Housing From Rearing Modifies the Performance of Young Rats on the Elevated Plus-Maze Apparatus

Cited by 77 publications

References 36 publications

Play is indispensable for an adequate development of coping with social challenges in the rat

Play is indispensable for an adequate development of coping with social challenges in the rat

The relationship between anxiety and sleep–wake behavior after stressor exposure in the rat

Role of Social Encounter-Induced Activation of Prefrontal Serotonergic Systems in the Abnormal Behaviors of Isolation-Reared Mice

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