Individual variation in red deer responsiveness towards human disturbance: A prospect for wildlife viewing in Europe’s national parks
Björn Böhme,
Anne Peters,
Veronika Mitterwallner
et al.
Abstract:Animals adjust behavior to changes in perceived predation risk, their so called “landscape of fear”. However, individuals within populations can differ greatly in their plasticity towards perceived risk. In national parks, where animals are often protected from human hunting, wildlife may start losing their fear of humans and become more observable, a process that starts at the individual level. Here we aim to test whether ungulates in one of the only largely non-hunted populations in Europe show individual va… Show more
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