Individually addressable vertically aligned carbon nanofiber-based electrochemical probes

Guillorn, Michael A.; McKnight, Timothy E.; Melechko, Anatoli V.; Merkulov, Vladimir I.; Britt, P.F.; Austin, Derek; Lowndes, D. H.; Simpson, Michael L.

doi:10.1063/1.1448671

Cited by 113 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the last few years there has been considerable progress in the design of vertically aligned NWs for the purpose of interfacing them with cells, primarily represented by the work done by McKnight et al (Guillorn et al, 2002;McKnight, Peeraphatdit et al, 2006). As an example, the NW array can be marked with an indexed grid, which facilitates tracking of specific positions in the array, making it possible to record time series of specific cells (McKnight et al, 2004).…”

Section: Why Are Nw Arrays Attractive For Applications With Living Cementioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Nanowire Arrays in Nanomedicine

Berthing¹,

Sørensen²,

Nygård³

et al. 2009

J Nanoneurosci

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In recent years, the potential of nanowires for applications within nanomedicine, including drug delivery and diagnostics, have been explored by several groups. The small diameter of nanowires allows them to cross the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane without causing significant damage, which makes them attractive as a tool for gaining access to the intracellular environment. Recent studies report on an approach using vertically aligned nanowires fixed to a surface instead of nanowires in solution. Nanowire arrays hold promise of simpler maneuvering and additional applications within drug delivery, biosensing, and electrophysiology in living cells, all of which are explored in this paper.

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Section: Why Are Nw Arrays Attractive For Applications With Living Cementioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Nanowire Arrays in Nanomedicine

Berthing¹,

Sørensen²,

Nygård³

et al. 2009

J Nanoneurosci

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“…1͑f͔͒, synthesized by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition ͑PECVD͒, 5 are highly compatible with microfabrication, thereby facilitating their incorporation as functional nanostructured components of a large variety of devices. Demonstrated CNF applications include electron field emitters, [16][17][18][19] charge and hydrogen storage media, 20,21 composite materials, 22,23 biosensors, 8,9,24,25 gene delivery arrays, [26][27][28][29] synthetic membrane structures, 30,31 electrochemical probes, 13,32,33 electrodes for neuronal interface, 34,35 and scanning probe microscopy ͑SPM͒ tips. [36][37][38] The structure and surface chemistry of the nanofibers play a crucial role in the performance characteristics of these nanofiber-based devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface characterization and functionalization of carbon nanofibers

Klein¹,

Melechko²,

McKnight³

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physics

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166

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Carbon nanofibers are high-aspect ratio graphitic materials that have been investigated for numerous applications due to their unique physical properties such as high strength, low density, metallic conductivity, tunable morphology, chemical and environmental stabilities, as well as compatibility with organochemical modification. Surface studies are extremely important for nanomaterials because not only is the surface structurally and chemically quite different from the bulk, but its properties tend to dominate at the nanoscale due to the drastically increased surface-to-volume ratio. This review surveys recent developments in surface analysis techniques used to characterize the surface structure and chemistry of carbon nanofibers and related carbon materials. These techniques include scanning probe microscopy, infrared and electron spectroscopies, electron microscopy, ion spectrometry, temperature-programed desorption, and atom probe analysis. In addition, this article evaluates the methods used to modify the surface of carbon nanofibers in order to enhance their functionality to perform across an exceedingly diverse application space.

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“…This procedure has been used to remove SiO2 from nanofibre surfaces [26]. Figure 6 shows the resultant nanofibre surface after such treatment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosynthesis: Growth of Vertically-Aligned Carbon Nanofibres with Air DC Plasma

Kodumagulla

Varanasi

Pearce

et al. 2014

Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology

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Vertically-aligned carbon nanofibres (VACNFs) have been synthesized in a mixture of acetone and air using catalytic DC plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition. Typically, ammonia or hydrogen is used as an etchant gas in the mixture to remove carbon that otherwise passivates the catalyst surface and impedes growth. Our demonstration of the use of air as the etchant gas opens up the possibility that ion etching could be sufficient to maintain the catalytic activity state during synthesis. It also demonstrates a path toward growing VACNFs in the open atmosphere.

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Individually addressable vertically aligned carbon nanofiber-based electrochemical probes

Cited by 113 publications

References 9 publications

Applications of Nanowire Arrays in Nanomedicine

Applications of Nanowire Arrays in Nanomedicine

Surface characterization and functionalization of carbon nanofibers

Aerosynthesis: Growth of Vertically-Aligned Carbon Nanofibres with Air DC Plasma

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