Indole-3-acetamide-dependent auxin biosynthesis: A widely distributed way of indole-3-acetic acid production?

Lehmann, Thomas; Hoffmann, Maik; Hentrich, Mathias; Pollmann, Stephan

doi:10.1016/j.ejcb.2010.06.021

Cited by 80 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Given that AMI1 functions as an IAM planta. 4,5 One of this biosynthetic routes proceeds via indole-3-acetamide (IAM), which is hydrolyzed to IAA by specific IAM amidohydrolases, e.g., AMIDASE1 (AMI1) from Arabidopsis. 6 However, it is yet not entirely clear how IAM is produced in higher plants.…”

Section: Ami1 Expression Is Presumably Suppressed By Lec1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression ofAMIDASE1(AMI1) is suppressed during the first two days after germination

Hoffmann

Lehmann²,

Neu³

et al. 2010

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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T he regulation of cellular auxin levels is a critical factor in determining plant growth and architecture, as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) gradients along the plant axis and local IAA maxima are known to initiate numerous plant growth responses. The regulation of auxin homeostasis is mediated in part by transport, conjugation and deconjugation, as well as by de novo biosynthesis. However, the pathways of IAA biosynthesis are yet not entirely characterized at the molecular and biochemical level. It is suggested that several biosynthetic routes for the formation of IAA have evolved. One such pathway proceeds via the intermediate indole-3-acetamide (IAM), which is converted into IAA by the activity of specific IAM hydrolases, such as Arabidopsis AMIDASE1 (AMI1). In this article we present evidence to support the argument that AMI1-dependent IAA synthesis is likely not to be used during the first two days of seedling development.Auxins are versatile plant hormones that play diverse roles in regulating many aspects of plant growth and development. 1 To enable auxins to develop their activity, a tight spatiotemporal control of cellular indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) contents is absolutely necessary since it is well-documented that auxin action is dose dependent, and that high IAA levels can have inhibitory effects on plant growth. 2 To achieve this goal, plants have evolved a set of different mechanisms to control cellular hormone levels. On the one hand, plants possess several pathways

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Section: Ami1 Expression Is Presumably Suppressed By Lec1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression ofAMIDASE1(AMI1) is suppressed during the first two days after germination

Hoffmann

Lehmann²,

Neu³

et al. 2010

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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“…IAOx was identified in Arabidopsis, but not from CYP79B-deficient mutants and several noncrucifer plants (9,14,15). The IAM pathway has been suggested to exist widely in plants, but it remains unclear exactly how IAM is produced (16). The conversion of IAM to IAA by Arabidopsis AMIDASE 1 (AMI1) has been demonstrated (17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The main auxin biosynthesis pathway in Arabidopsis

Mashiguchi

Tanaka

Sakai

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

846

720

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The phytohormone auxin plays critical roles in the regulation of plant growth and development. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) has been recognized as the major auxin for more than 70 y. Although several pathways have been proposed, how auxin is synthesized in plants is still unclear. Previous genetic and enzymatic studies demonstrated that both TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS (TAA) and YUCCA (YUC) flavin monooxygenase-like proteins are required for biosynthesis of IAA during plant development, but these enzymes were placed in two independent pathways. In this article, we demonstrate that the TAA family produces indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) and the YUC family functions in the conversion of IPA to IAA in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) by a quantification method of IPA using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem MS. We further show that YUC protein expressed in Escherichia coli directly converts IPA to IAA. Indole-3-acetaldehyde is probably not a precursor of IAA in the IPA pathway. Our results indicate that YUC proteins catalyze a rate-limiting step of the IPA pathway, which is the main IAA biosynthesis pathway in Arabidopsis.plant hormone | metabolism

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“…In plants (second route of IAA synthesis), L-Try is converted to indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) with the participation of tryptophan aminotransferase and with following IPA decarboxylation to indole-3-acetaldehyde and oxidation to IAA. However, now there are many evidences that some plants can use the prokaryotic route for IAA synthesis also [2][3][4][5][6]. Mano and Nemoto [6] cited several publications on the presence of IAAM in non-transformed plants with the contents of 1 -10 ng per 1 g FW.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IAAMH activity has been measured by several authors [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Methods used by them need to apply extraction of IAA and IAAM from reaction medium, separation of them from each other and determination of their quantities with different chromatographic equipment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Inexpensive Method for the Measurement of Indoleacetamide Hydrolase Activity

Gamburg¹

2017

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Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) a phytohormon of auxin type is synthesized by different ways in plants and some bacteria (Agrobacteria, Pseudomonas and some others). The enzyme indolylacetamide hydrolase transforms indolylacetamide to IAA mainly in bacteria. However, recently published data showed that some plants can also hydrolyze indolylacetamide into IAA. In order to elucidate the role of indolylacetamide as an auxin precursor in plants and bacteria, productive method of determination of the activity of indoleacetamide hydrolase is necessary. The simple, inexpensive and productive method for the measurement of indoleacetamide hydrolase activity was elaborated based on significant difference between IAAM and IAA in color developed with Salkovski' reagent. The light absorbance increased during conversion of IAAM to IAA by protein extracts from some plant cells and this increase may be used for quantitative estimation of indoleacetamide hydrolase activity. The method is suitable for fast discovery of indoleacetamide hydrolase activity before planning more complicated analyses and for the analysis of many probes at a short time in physiological and biochemical experiments. A detailed protocol for determination of indoleaceta-mide hydrolase activity by the elaborated method is described.

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Indole-3-acetamide-dependent auxin biosynthesis: A widely distributed way of indole-3-acetic acid production?

Cited by 80 publications

References 85 publications

Expression ofAMIDASE1(AMI1) is suppressed during the first two days after germination

Expression ofAMIDASE1(AMI1) is suppressed during the first two days after germination

The main auxin biosynthesis pathway in Arabidopsis

A Simple Inexpensive Method for the Measurement of Indoleacetamide Hydrolase Activity

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