Indole-3-propionic acid has chemical chaperone activity and suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced neuronal cell death

Use of ammonium salts or binary mixtures derived from amino acids, glycine betaine, choline and indole-3-butyric acid as plant regulators

“…Indole-3-butyric acid is known to be the most stable form of natural auxins; however, like tryptophan (Trp), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), IBA is degraded aerobically depending on many factors, including the oxygen level and exposure to heat and light. [41][42][43][44] In this study, we determined how light accelerated the abovementioned decomposition (the methodology is described in the ESI †). The intensity of the maximum absorption for IBA in acid or anionic forms (l max ¼ 221 nm) decreased aer only 7 days in prepared water solutions exposed to stable visible light ( Fig.…”

“…As both acidic and ionic forms of IBA degrade, the likely degradation product is 5-(2-formamidophenyl)-5oxopentanoic acid, a KYN derivative. [41][42][43][44] The light stability of the aqueous solutions was strongly correlated with the form of IBA and the type of cation or second binary mixture component in the products. Products 1, 2, and 5 were less stable than IBA and binary mixtures 3 and 4 under light exposure.…”

Sodium Butyrate and Indole-3-propionic Acid Prevent the Increase of Cytokines and Kynurenine Levels in LPS-induced Human Primary Astrocytes

“…In addition, SB can limit IDO1 activation, reversing the increased KYN/TRP ratio in activated astrocytes. As these 2 compounds are currently being assessed as a therapeutic for neurodegenerative diseases, 7,64,65 these results provide valuable insights into their neuroprotective International Journal of Tryptophan Research mechanisms of action and add to argument that these compounds may have a potential therapeutic effect in neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders, in which an inflammatory profile is present.…”

A Lipophilic 4‐Phenylbutyric Acid Derivative That Prevents Aggregation and Retention of Misfolded Proteins

“…However,m ost of them were less effective or potent (or both) than 4-PBA itself, [12] with the exception of the indole-based PBA derivative, which hasbeen demonstrated to be more potent and effective than PBA. [13] Thus, we workedt od esign more potent and effective 4-PBA derivativest hat can reduce the intracellularl evels of R451C NLGN3 protein,e ither by inducing its secretion or by increasing its degradation.…”

“…Several 4‐PBA derivatives with modified aromatic rings have been synthesized and studied in the past. However, most of them were less effective or potent (or both) than 4‐PBA itself, with the exception of the indole‐based PBA derivative, which has been demonstrated to be more potent and effective than PBA …”