Indoor and outdoor efficacy testing of a broad-spectrum sunscreen against ultraviolet A radiation in psoralen-sensitized subjects

Lowe, Nicholas J.; Dromgoole, Sydney H.; Sefton, John; Bourget, Teresa; Weingarten, Daniel P.

doi:10.1016/s0190-9622(87)70195-9

Cited by 49 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Phototoxic Reaction to a Photosensitiser Plus UVA For a phototoxic reaction to a photosensitiser plus UVA, the photosensitiser is typically 8-methoxypsoralen, with the phototoxic reaction being assessed 72 h after UVexposure [22]. This approach has the advantage in that it requires only short irradiation times, but there is some concern about its relevance to normal, unsensitised skin.…”

Section: Persistent Pigment Darkeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Project Sunscreen Protection

Stokes¹

2000

Dermatopharmacology of Topical Preparations

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Section: Persistent Pigment Darkeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Project Sunscreen Protection

Stokes¹

2000

Dermatopharmacology of Topical Preparations

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“…2], with rapid falloff above that wavelength. A mixture containing 3% of this agent and 7% padimate O afforded psoralen-sensitized humans a UVA protection factor of 4.5 [3]. Padimate O absorbs UVB and short UVA radiation, and a commercial version of the above mixture (Photoplcx®; I Icrbert Laboratories) has a sunlight protection rating of 15.…”

Section: 0mentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad-Spectrum Photoprotection: The Roles of Tinted Auto Windows, Sunscreens and Browning Agents in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Photosensitivity

Johnson

Fusaro

1992

Dermatology

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Since window glass absorbs sunlight below 320 nm, it provides a means of assessing sensitivity to longer wavelengths, i.e. UVA and visible radiation. Positive responses to the query of whether symptoms develop in the auto with the windows up must now be interpreted with regard to the possible presence of tinted plastic film on side and rear windows. These films block nearly all UVA radiation, as does the plastic interleaf of windshields. Thus, occupants of an auto equipped with plastic film receive photoprotection from UVB radiation and well into the UVA region. We define three classes of topical sunscreens: (1) conventional UVB screens, (2) broad-spectrum preparations containing a UVB screen and a UVA absorber and (3) browning agents such as dihydroxyacetone (DHA) that produce a skin coloration that absorbs in the low end of the visible region, with overlap into long-wavelength UVA. By considering responses of photosensitive persons in autos with tinted or untinted windows, coupled with efficacy of appropriate sunscreens, we produced an algorithm defining three photosensitivity subsets. Persons sensitive to long-wavelength UVA and/or visible radiation will benefit from tinted auto windows. In particular, patients with lupus erythematosus (LE) have actively promoted legislation allowing tinted windows. Support for their position is documented by recent reports of induction of lesions in LE patients by exposure to UVA and visible radiation. The brown color produced by DHA is a useful adjunct to the screening action of broad-spectrum sunscreens. Development of a durable color overnight allows application of the DHA preparation in the evening, thus eliminating possible interference with sunscreen use during the day.

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“…Recently a sunscreening chemical called Parsol 1789, also known as Avobenzone (chemical name 4‐t‐butyl‐4‐methoxy‐dibenxoyllmethane) 13,14 has been approved as the UVA‐absorbing chemical in one sunscreen in the United States (Photoplex, Herbert Laboratories, Santa Ana, CA).…”

Section: Uva‐absorbing Sunscreensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some sunscreens have been evaluated for UVA protection using a variety of different assays. Currently two alternative assays are the phototoxic protection factor 12,13 and the UVA protection factor 14 …”

Section: Overall Expectations Of Photoprotective Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(MPD = the minimum dose of ultraviolet that causes uniform perceptible phototoxic erythema in skin sensitized by the application of 8‐methoxypsoralen). Sunscreens with Parsol 1789 have generally been significantly more protective against UVA in the PPF assay than have benzophenome‐containing sunscreens 12,13 …”

Section: Overall Expectations Of Photoprotective Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sunscreens and the Prevention of Skin Aging

Lowe

1990

The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology

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It has been well established in both human and animal skin that ultraviolet radiation from both ultraviolet B (UVB) (290 nm-320 nm) and ultraviolet A (UVA) (320 nm-420 nm) can produce profound changes in the skin that with recurrent exposure, cause it to become what we recognize as photoaged skin. Experimental studies in animals have confirmed that some sunscreen chemicals are capable of providing protection against ultraviolet-induced photoaging. It is presumed that regular use of these effective sunscreens will also reduce skin aging changes in humans.

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Indoor and outdoor efficacy testing of a broad-spectrum sunscreen against ultraviolet A radiation in psoralen-sensitized subjects

Cited by 49 publications

References 13 publications

Project Sunscreen Protection

Project Sunscreen Protection

Broad-Spectrum Photoprotection: The Roles of Tinted Auto Windows, Sunscreens and Browning Agents in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Photosensitivity

Sunscreens and the Prevention of Skin Aging

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