Induced Mutation for Genetic Improvement in Black Rice Using Gamma-Ray

Abstract

Black Rice is rice producing anthocyanin in high intensity and popularly consumed as functional food. Long harvesting age and low productivity are the inhibiting factors in black rice breeding. High plant crown potentially results in plant fall-down. Mutation induction is expected to be able to improve the character of black rice. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to get more early-ripening black rice mutant, with shorter plant crown and increase productivity by inducing mutation in three varieties of local black rice using gamma-ray radiation. This experiment employed three local varieties as the first factor comprised Cempo Ireng, Cempo Melik and Melik. The second factor was the gamma-ray radiation dose, consisting of 4 levels: without radiation, radiations at 100 Gy, 200 Gy and 300 Gy doses. The results indicated that Melik variety is very potential. Melik variety has shorter plant crown with a responsive character in number of tiller for higher productivity. Moreover, radiation significantly reduces the duration of flowering and harvesting. However, to achieve a more stable character and lower flowering and harvesting period, the radiation needs to be continued in the next generation. The doses of radiation produces a response that varies in both morphological and biochemical properties.

Antioxidant activity and compound constituents of gamma-irradiated black rice (Oryza sativa L.) var. Cempo Ireng indigenous of Indonesia

“…The irradiation enhanced the antioxidant activity and changed the chemical composition of the nonirradiated black. These findings are in line with previously published results that the mutations change antioxidant activity and chemical contents (Purwanto et al 2019).…”

“…Cempo Ireng irradiated with gamma-ray at a dose of 200 and 300 Gy, namely BR-200 and BR-300 results in shorten harvesting time, reduce plant height, and enhanced stress tolerance (Patmi et al 2008). It also changes the anthocyanin content of the wild variety of black rice (Purwanto et al 2019). However, the nutrient content, i.e.…”

Growth Response of Labuhanbatu Local Rice With Gamma Ray Irradiation in M1 Generation

“…Rice plants with irradiation dose of 300 Gy showed a shorter plant height compared to plants without irradiation at the age of 2-10 WAP. According to [7], gamma ray irradiation resulted in lower growth than control plants in the M1 generation. Mutations provide effects and inhibition at various doses used [8].…”

“…To achieve a more stable character, radiation needs to be continued in the next generation. Radiation doses produce responses that vary in both morphological and biochemical properties [7]. The high and low number of tillers of rice plants is determined by the dose of gamma ray irradiation.…”

Productivity of three varieties of local upland rice on swidden agriculture field in Setulang village, North Kalimantan, Indonesia

“…But, due to the limited area of wetlands owned by farmers in Setulang village, they tended to use dry land to plant rice with rotational cultivation system. Purwanto et al (2019) stated that one of the factors that hinder the development of local rice is because it takes a long period before being harvested and has low productivity. According to Sheil (2002), Setulang village has ultisol soil, implying it has poor nutrients, especially in organic matter.…”